Big Idea 1

A company that develops educational software wants to assemble a collaborative team of developers from a variety of professional and cultural backgrounds. Which of the following is NOT considered a benefit of assembling such a team?

• Collaboration that includes diverse backgrounds and perspectives can eliminate the need for software testing.

• Collaboration that includes diverse backgrounds and perspectives can help the team anticipate the needs of a variety of software users.

• Collaboration that includes diverse backgrounds and perspectives can help the team avoid bias.

• Collaboration that includes diverse backgrounds and perspectives can reflect the strengths of the individual team members.

Three students in different locations are collaborating on the development of an application. Which of the following strategies is LEAST likely to facilitate collaboration among the students?

• Having all three students participate in frequent video chat sessions to discuss ideas about the project and to provide feedback on work done so far

• Having all three students use an online shared folder to contribute and discuss components to be considered for use in the application

• Having all three students write code independently and then having one student combine the code into a program

• Having all three students work in a shared document that each can edit to provide comments on the work in progress

A company that develops mobile applications wants to involve users in the software development process. Which of the following best explains the benefit in having users participate?

• Users can identify and correct errors they encounter when using released versions of the software.

• Users can review the algorithms used in the software to help improve their efficiency.

• Users can provide documentation for program code at the end of the software development process.

• Users can provide feedback that can be used to incorporate a variety of perspectives into the software.

Which of the following best explains how messages are typically transmitted over the Internet?

• The message is broken into packets that are transmitted in a specified order. Each packet must be received in the order it was sent for the message to be correctly reassembled by the recipient’s device.

• The message is broken into packets. The packets can be received in any order and still be reassembled by the recipient’s device.

• The message is broken into two packets. One packet contains the data to be transmitted and the other packet contains metadata for routing the data to the recipient’s device.

• The message is transmitted as a single file and received in whole by the recipient’s device.

Which of the following best describes the relationship between the World Wide Web and the Internet?

• The World Wide Web is a protocol that is accessed using a data stream called the Internet.

• The World Wide Web is a system of linked pages, programs, and files that is accessed using a data stream called the Internet.

• The World Wide Web is a system of linked pages, programs, and files that is accessed via a network called the Internet.

• The World Wide Web is a Web site that is accessed using a protocol called the Internet.

Which of the following best explains how messages are typically transmitted over the Internet?

• Open protocols allow devices to specify how data packets are to be routed on the Internet in advance.

• Open protocols ensure that all data transmission on the Internet is kept secure.

• Open protocols ensure that all Internet users are provided connections with equal bandwidth.

• Open protocols provide a way to standardize data transmission between different devices.

MeeReader is an e-reading application that allows users to download and read books and articles on a device. Each user creates a profile with the following personal preferences.

-Screen brightness and contrast

-Choice of typeface and font size

-Amount of spacing between lines of text

-Activation of a text-to-speech feature that reads the text out loud

When the user launches the application, the application scans the user’s face and uses facial recognition software to determine the user’s identity. Once the user has been identified, the user’s personal preferences are applied to whatever book or article the user chooses to read.

The application stores all user information in a database, including personal preferences and a record of previously read books and articles.

Which of the following is most likely to be a beneficial effect of using MeeReader?

• Users may have a reduced risk of the application being used in unintended ways.

• Users may have a reduced risk of their biometric data being misused.

• Users with limited Internet access may be able to more easily obtain books and articles.

• Users with visual impairments may be able to more easily read or listen to books and articles.

A software development company has created an application called FileCleanUp. When the application is run on a user device, it searches for all files (including pictures, videos, and documents) that have not been accessed in the past month, stores them on the company’s Web server, and deletes them from the user device. The application runs once each day. Users have the ability to manually retrieve files from the server if they are needed.

Which of the following is most likely to be a harmful effect of using FileCleanUp?

• It prevents users from accessing frequently used files when there is no Internet connectivity.

• It prevents users from accessing infrequently used files when there is no Internet connectivity.

• It prevents users from accessing frequently used files when there is reliable Internet connectivity.

• It prevents users from accessing infrequently used files when there is reliable Internet connectivity.

MeeReader is an e-reading application that allows users to download and read books and articles on a device. Each user creates a profile with the following personal preferences.

Screen brightness and contrast

Choice of typeface and font size

Amount of spacing between lines of text

Activation of a text-to-speech feature that reads the text out loud

When the user launches the application, the application scans the user’s face and uses facial recognition software to determine the user’s identity. Once the user has been identified, the user’s personal preferences are applied to whatever book or article the user chooses to read.

The application stores all user information in a database, including personal preferences and a record of previously read books and articles.

From the perspective of the application’s developers, which of the following is most likely to be a benefit of storing all user data in a database?

• The developers can analyze the data to make improvements to the application based on user behavior.

• The developers can analyze the data to ensure that no patterns emerge in the data.

• The developers can reduce the amount of data storage required to support the application.

• The developers can reduce the need for data encryption.