Cell Structure STUDY GUIDE

Ribosomes are found scattered throughout the cytoplasm in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. In eukaryotic cells, ribosomes are also attached to the:

• chloroplast

• mitochondria

• smooth endoplasmic reticulum

• rough endoplasmic reticulum

Which organelle is the storehouse for most of a cell's genetic information?

• chloroplast

• centriole

• mitochondrion

• nucleus

Which process occurs when a vesicle fuses with the cell membrane and releases its contents outside the cell?

• osmosis

• phagocytosis

• exocytosis

• endocytosis

What two structures do plant cells have that animal cells do not have?

• chloroplasts and ribosomes

• chloroplasts and cell walls

• ribosomes and mitochondria

• mitochondria and cell walls

Which organelle contains enzymes that break down damaged cell parts?

• lysosome

• centriole

• vacuole

• ribosome

Which of the following is a structure that is present in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?

• Golgi complex

• vacuole

• cell membrane

• nucleus

The transport of proteins play a role in both__________

• diffusion and vesicle transport.

• phagocytosis and passive transport.

• exocytosis and endocytosis.

• passive and active transport.

Which of the following organelles can be found in the cytoplasm and on the surface of the endoplasmic reticulum?

• centrosomes

• mitochondria

• centrioles

• ribosomes

Which of the following statements correctly explains the role of lysosomes within a cell?

• The lysosome isolates water and other molecular compounds and stores them so they can be used later by the cell, or expels them as waste products.

• The lysosome breaks down molecules that are not needed within the cell and returns some of the products of digestion to the cell for later use.

• The lysosome prepares fats and lipids for transport throughout the cell by sorting and encasing them.

• The lysosome uses oxygen to convert sugar into chemical energy and also controls the metabolism of the cell.

Which of the following statements correctly explains the function of the Golgi apparatus within a cell?

• The Golgi apparatus contains most of the genetic material within the cell and is responsible for gene expression and DNA replication when the cell divides.

• The Golgi apparatus prepares new macromolecules such as fats and lipids by sorting and encasing them before sending them to the correct destination within a cell.

• The Golgi apparatus uses oxygen to convert sugar into chemical energy and also controls the metabolism of the cell.

• The Golgi apparatus breaks down molecules that are not needed within the cell, and returns some of the products of digestion to the cell for use in building new cell parts.