11.2.1

The main reason for the growth of cities at the end of the 19th century was

• increasing industrialization.

• growing cultural diversity.

• free public education.

• improvements in farming technology.

Which statement best describes working conditions in factories at the end of the 19th century?

• Factory work was difficult but it paid well.

• Factory work paid low wages because the work was easy.

• Factories were designed for the benefit of the workers.

• Factory work was difficult, dangerous, and low paying.

Why might a factory owner prefer to hire women rather than men as workers?

• Factory owners supported women’s rights.

• Women had more skills than men.

• Women earned lower wages than men.

• Women were less likely to quit than men.

Which statement best explains why child labor existed in the 19th century?

• Children should be seen and not heard.

• Children did not want to go to school.

• Work was beneficial to children’s health.

• Families depended on children’s income.

As a result of child labor, children

• learned valuable skills and made a good living.

• grew strong from the exercise of hard work.

• were often injured or deformed from the hard work.

• learned to balance their time between school and work.

An effect caused by publication of The Jungle was

• the passage of stricter crime laws.

• the passage of the Meat Inspection Act.

• improved living conditions in tenements.

• improved working conditions for children.