GENETICS INTRODUCTION

Allele

• The smallest living things; the basic building block of an organism

• The basic building block of a protein

• A version of a gene

• A molecule made of amino acids that has a specific job in the body

Chromosome

• The "command center" of a cell; where the DNA is stored

• A tightly coiled-up package of DNA; found in the nucleus

• A section of DNA with the instructions/recipe to make a specific protein

• A building block of a protein; cells put these together to build proteins

Gene

• The "command center" of a cell; where the DNA is stored

• A tightly coiled-up package of DNA; found in the nucleus

• A section of DNA with the instructions/recipe to make a specific protein

• A building block of a protein; cells put these together to build proteins

DNA

• The "command center" of a cell; where the chromosomes are found

• The molecule that contains all of the instructions to build an organism; found in the nucleus

• A molecule made of amino acids that has a specific job in the body

• A building block of a protein; cells put these together to build proteins

When the alleles of a particular gene are different

• recessive

• homozygous

• heterozygous

• heredity

The gene make up of a trait expressed as a set of capital and lower case letters (TT, tt or Tt)

• phenotype

• genotype

• alleles

Different versions of a gene

• alleles

• hybrid

• pure

When two alleles of a particualr trait are the same

• heterozygous

• homozygous

• hybrid

Offspring having one allele from each homozygous parent

• pure

• hybrid

• genotype

physical appearance of a trait

• genotype

• phenotype

• alleles