Theories of Personality

Personality is best defined as an individual's

• characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting.

• most noticeable characteristics.

• biologically inherited temperament.

• hidden thoughts and emotions.

Which neo-Freudian theorist emphasized that personality is strongly influenced by feelings of inferiority?

• Adler

• Maslow

• Jung

• Spongebob Squarepants, Ph.D, MD

According to Maslow, the psychological need that arises after all other needs have been met is the need for

• personal control,

• food, water, and shelter.

• self actualization.

• safety.

Self actualized people, as described by Maslow, are least likely to

• have a strong ego.

• have a well developed superego.

• experience an external locus of control.

• experience an internal locus of control.

Carl Rogers emphasized the importance of __________ in regards to healthy personality development.

• the collective unconscious

• unconditional positive regard

• reciprocal determinism.

• the primary care giver

Bandura believes that three factors influence one another in determining the patterns of behavior that make up personality. Which of the following is NOT a factor he identified?

• Superego
• The Environment
• Behavior
• Personal/Cognitive Factors

Each of the three factors Bandura believes influence personality affect the other two in a give-and-take relationship. This relationship is called _____.

• Reciprocal Determinism
• Temperament
• Self-Efficacy
• Locus of Control

This is a person’s expectancy of how effective his or her efforts to accomplish a goal will be in any particular circumstance.

• Self-Efficacy
• Reciprocal Determinism
• Temperament
• Locus of Control

People who assume that their own actions and decisions directly affect the consequences they experience are said to be ________ in locus of control, whereas people who assume that their lives are more controlled by powerful others, luck, or fate are ________ in locus of control.

• Internal; External
• External; Internal
• Extrovert; Introvert
• Introvert; Extrovert

The ________ is the development of an image of oneself, which is based on what people are told by others, and how the sense of self is reflected in the words and actions of important people in one’s life, such as parents, siblings, friends, etc.

• Self-Concept
• Self-Image
• Ego
• Self-Actualization