Wind on Earth

Why does the Coriolis effect happen?

• Because of Earth's orbit around the Sun.

• Because of the Earth's rotation on its axis.

• Because the equator receives more direct sunlight than the poles.

• Because the Earth's axis is tilted.

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Where are the "horse latitudes"?

• Near the equator (0º latitude)

• Near 30º North and South

• Near 90º North and South

• Near 180º North and South

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The weather in the doldrums is normally ______.

• very calm.

• very windy.

• very cold.

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What are Hadley Cells?

• Massive convection cells surrounding the tropics.

• Massive convection cells surrounding the Earth's poles.

• They are created when solar wind interacts with Earth's magnetic field.

• Convection cells formed within Earth's oceans.

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What causes the "trade winds" to blow in the Northern Hemisphere?

• Cold winds extend from the north polar vortex, caused by the Coriolis force.

• On the border between atmospheric convection cells, the air is very windy.

• The air moves very quickly along the bottom of the Hadley Cells, due to the cool air sinking and spreading out along the surface.

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The prevailing winds always blow the same direction everywhere on the Earth.

• True

• False

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What causes a sea breeze?

• Cool, dense air over the ocean flows towards the warm, less-dense air over the land.

• Cool, dense air over the ocean expands and rises upward

• Warm, less-dense air over the land flows towards the cool, dense air over the ocean.

• Warm, less-dense air over the ocean expands and rises upward

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Define radiosonde:

• A radio antenna designed to transmit data between weather stations on land.

• A specific radio frequency used by meteorologists.

• When radio waves reflect off the lower layers of the Earth's ionosphere.

• An instrument carried by weather balloons to record atmospheric data.

Why do weather balloons expand and pop in the upper layers of the atmosphere?

• The pressure in the atmosphere increases as the balloon rises.

• The pressure in the atmosphere decreases as the balloon rises.

• The atmosphere around the balloon gets warmer.

• The atmosphere around the balloon gets colder.

What causes the Earth's prevailing winds to deflect to the east or west?

• Bernoulli's Principle

• The Toricelli Effect

• The Coriolis Effect

• The Centrifugal Force

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