criminal justice theory

A violation of social norms defining appropriate or proper behavior under a particular set of circumstances is known as

• deviance.

• anomie

• phrenology

• crime

A ________ is a set of interrelated propositions that attempt to describe, explain, predict, and ultimately control some class of events.

• hypothesis

• conflict perspective

• trait

• theory

Theory testing usually involves the development of a(n) ________ based on what the theory predicts.

• trait

• atavist

• hypothesis

• anomie

________ criminology argues that the distribution of wealth and power in society is the primary cause of criminal behavior.

• Positivist

• Radical

• Classical

• Biosocial

________ criminology suggests that social control agencies and citizens should work together to alleviate social problems and human suffering and thus reduce crime.

• Biosocial

• Peacemaking

• Emergent

• Radical

A psychological principle that holds that the frequency of any behavior can be increased or decreased through reward, punishment, and association with other stimuli is

• heritability.

• conditioning.

• profiling.

• psychoanalysis

Which abnormal chromosomal structure is associated with the concept of a "supermale"?

• XY

• XXY

• XXX

• XYY

What is the central defining characteristic of a psychopath?

• Hallucinations

• Neuroticism

• Impulsiveness

• Lack of empathy

________ is a theory of human behavior, based on the writings of Sigmund Freud, that sees personality as a complex composite of interacting mental entities.

• Anomie

• Social development theory

• Psychopathology

• Psychoanalysis

According to somatotyping, ________ have the greatest likelihood of becoming criminal offenders.

• predominantly ectomorphic individuals

• predominantly mesomorphic individuals

• predominantly endomorphic individuals

• individuals with clear characteristics of all three types