The Organization of the Body

Which of the following specialties might focus on studying all of the structures of the ankle and foot?

• regional anatomy

• systemic anatomy

• microscopic anatomy

• muscle anatomy

A scientist wants to study how the body uses foods and fluids during a marathon run. This scientist is most likely a(n) ________.

• exercise physiologist

• regional physiologist

• regional anatomist

• systemic anatomist

The smallest independently functioning unit of an organism is a(n) ________.

• cell

• molecule

• organ

• tissue

A collection of similar tissues that performs a specific function is an ________.

• organ

• organelle

• organ system

• organism

The body system responsible for structural support and movement is the ________.

• skeletal system

• muscular system

• endocrine system

• cardiovascular system

Metabolism can be defined as the ________.

• process whereby all unspecialized cells become

• adjustment by an organism to external or internal changes

• specialized to perform distinct functions

• sum of all chemical reactions in an organism

Humans have the most urgent need for a continuous supply of ________.

• food

• nitrogen

• oxygen

• minerals

Which of the following statements about nutrients is true?

• All classes of nutrients are essential to human survival.

• Because the body cannot store any micronutrients, they need to be consumed nearly every day.

• Carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins are micronutrients.

• Macronutrients are vitamins and minerals.

After you eat lunch, nerve cells in your stomach respond to the distension (the stimulus) resulting from the food. They relay this information to ________

• a control center

• a set point

• a sensor

• an effector

Which of the following is an example of a normal physiologic process that uses a positive feedback loop?

• blood pressure regulation

• regulation of fluid balance

• childbirth

• temperature regulation