Unit 3 Test

Which species appears to have been the most successful in surviving changes in the environment over time?

• A

• B

• C

• H

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NGSS.MS-LS4-2

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

NGSS.MS-LS4-1

An insecticide is a chemical that kills insects. Most insects are killed the first time they are exposed to an insecticide. However, some insects carry a gene that enables them to survive their first exposure to an insecticide. When these surviving insects reproduce, this gene may be inherited by their offspring. The number of insecticide-resistant insects usually increases over time because increasing numbers of offspring with this gene are able to survive and reproduce.

Which process enables increasing numbers of insects to survive their initial exposure to an insecticide?

• cloning

• independent assortment

• natural selection

• genetic engineering

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NGSS.MS-LS4-4

According to the modern theory of evolution, giraffes’ necks are long because

• giraffes grew long necks to reach food sources

• giraffes stretched their necks by reaching for food

• among their ancestors, giraffes with the longest necks survived best and passed on their genes

• giraffe necks only look like they are long

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NGSS.MS-LS4-2

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

Which of these characteristics would provide the best evidence to determine if menhaden and striped bass are closely related?

• They are both cold-blooded.

• They eat similar food

• They both live in coastal waters.

• They have similar DNA sequences.

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NGSS.MS-LS4-2

NGSS.MS-LS3-1

The mitochondria in your cells have their own unique DNA. It is believed that this is because:

• mitochondria were once separate organisms that were engulfed by early cells and began to live inside them.

• mitochondrial DNA is a different sort of molecule than your other DNA.

• mitochondria are deep in cells and are free from mutations.

• mitochondrial DNA is from your father and must be kept separate from your other DNA that has your mother's genes in it.

Shown in the chart are parts of the mitochondrial DNA codes for the American black bear, the giant panda, the red panda, and the raccoon.

Based on this information, which two species are most closely related?

• the American black bear and the giant panda

• the American black bear and the raccoon

• the red panda and the raccoon

• the red panda and the giant panda

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NGSS.MS-LS4-2

Using the information in the chart, an evolutionary biologist would conclude that the closest evolutionary relationship exists between:

• human and chimpanzee

• human and gorilla

• chimpanzee and gorilla

• horse and zebra

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NGSS.MS-LS4-2

The possible evolutionary relationship of some mammals is indicated in the diagram. Which statement about the African elephant is correct?

• It is more closely related to the mammoth than it is to the West African manatee

• It is more closely related to the West Indian manatee than it is to the mastodon.

• It is not related to the Brazilian manatee or the mammoth.

• It is the ancestor of Stellar's sea cow.

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NGSS.MS-LS4-2

NGSS.MS-LS4-1

A species of bear in Russia and the brown bear in the United States seem to have a common ancestor. The differences between these species is likely the result of

• territorial displays

• instinct, followed by learning

• vestigial structures

• variation, followed by natural selection

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NGSS.MS-LS4-2

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

Which of the following is an example of a structure that is homologous to a human arm?

• spider leg

• wasp wing

• chicken wing

• pig snout

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NGSS.MS-LS4-2