Cell Structure & Function AP Biology

Adenosine triphosphate or ATP is composed of adenine, ribose and three phosphate groups. The phosphate groups have a negative charge and as a result the bonds holding them onto the molecule are weak thus easily broken. Which of the following best explains why ATP serves as a common energy source for organisms?

• Traces of ATP have been found in fossils of ancient organisms dating back to the beginning of life on Earth

• ATP energy can be easily transferred to do cellular work.

• ATP is extremely stable and can be stored in the cell for long periods of time.

• ATP is the smallest energy molecule.

Which of the following cells would most likely have the greatest concentration of densely packed rough endoplasmic reticulum?

• An amoeba engulfing small ciliates

• A bioluminescent bacterial cell

• A pancreatic cell engaged in the production of digestive enzymes

• A functional cell at maturity functioning in transporting hormones

Why is it that some body cells respond differently to the same peptide hormones?

• Different target cells have different genes.

• Each cell knows how it fits into the body’s master plan.

• The target cell’s response is determined by the product of a signal transduction pathway.

• The hormone is chemically altered in different ways as it travels through the circulatory system.

A protein that is destined for the membrane would be made 

• on a ribosome that is in the cytoplasm
• within a lysosome
• on a ribosome attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum 
• within the Golgi body

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

A protein that will be modified with carbohydrates will pass through 

• the lysosome and the rough ER
• the rough ER and the Golgi body
• the rough ER and smooth ER
• the Golgi body and the smooth ER

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

Which of the following cells would have the highest surface area to volume ratio?

• 1
• 2
• 3
• they are all the same

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

Which of following correctly represents the packaging of a protein within a vesicle . 

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4

The hydrophilic head of the phospholipid ___ to interact with water and is said to be ____.

• Loves, polar

• Loves, nonpolar

• Hates, polar

• Hates, nonpolar

The hydrophobic tails of the phospholipid ___ to interact with water and is said to be ____.

• Loves, polar

• Loves, nonpolar

• Hates, polar

• Hates, nonpolar

Select all forms of cell transport that require ATP energy.

• Facilitated diffusion

• Endocytosis

• Exocytosis

• Active Transport