Topic 2 8th Grade SS

According to the infographic, what did the New England and Middle Colonies have in common?

• Both Regions Exported Mostly Food Products

• Neither region had any wealth in enslaved workers.

• Both regions imported wood products.

• Both regions had large shipping industries.

What could be a reason for the average colonist’s wealth in the Southern Colonies being so much higher than that of the New England and the Middle Colonies?

• Their abundant tobacco crops were in greater demand than other colonial crops.

• Land in the Southern Colonies had a much higher value than land in the Middle and New England Colonies.

• Southerners relied heavily on cheap or free labor.

• Southerners exported most of their livestock to other colonies.

What set Pennsylvania apart from other colonies?

• its founding based on religious freedom

• its settlement by people seeking religious freedom

• its effort to attract people of different ethnicities

• its founding by a proprietor

Why was the Maryland Act of Toleration enacted?

• to establish separation between church and state

• to protect freedom of worship for Catholics

• to ensure Africans could maintain their religious practices

• to provide freedom of religion for Jews

In colonial society, a person’s social status depended upon his or her

A education.

B religion.

C family background and wealth.

D talent and skill.

• family background and wealth.

• religion.

• talent and skill.

• education.

Based on the illustration, what can be inferred about the transportation of newly enslaved Africans?

• Most of the enslaved Africans transported to the Americas were men.

• Sometimes enslaved Africans were allowed to leave the hold and go up on deck.

• The enslaved Africans were often put on overcrowded ships bound for America.

• Enslaved Africans were usually grouped with their families during transport.

“After 1769, the life of the California natives [American Indians] who came in contact with the Spanish was reshaped by the mission fathers, not the townspeople of the pueblos or the soldiers of the presidios. The Franciscans came to California not merely to convert the tribes to Christianity but to train them for life in a European colonial society. Conversion was seldom an entirely voluntary process, and converts (neophytes) were not left to return to their old ways but were required to live in the walled mission enclosure or on rancherías, separate settlements sponsored by missions although located some distance from the mission proper. There they were taught Spanish as well as the tenets of their new religion and trained in skills that would fit them for their new lives: brickmaking and construction, raising cattle and horses, blacksmithing, weaving, tanning hides, etc.”

—Library of Congress

Inferring from this text, why might the Spanish have felt it important to train the natives of California for a “European colonial society”?

• to make it easier to govern the Indians

• to prevent the Indians from leaving

• to make the Indians equals in colonial society

• to spread European beliefs and language

American Indians were replaced as slaves by Africans largely due to the fact that it was believed that Africans were

• better able to work in the climate.

• less likely to try to escape.

• less likely to die from European diseases.

• better able to grow the crops the Spanish desired.

Because he believed there should be strict limits on government, Thomas Hooker

• established the colony of Rhode Island and encouraged religious tolerance.

• held anti-government rallies in New England and New York.

• started the first newspaper in Britain’s North American colonies.

• settled the town of Hartford and established a representative government.

Which of the following was a Quaker belief that set Quakers apart from other religious groups that settled in the American colonies?

• Quakers believed that all people are equal in God’s eyes.

• Quakers believed in freedom of religion.

• Quakers believed that others should convert to their religion.