Earth History

How do petrified fossils form?

• An organism is trapped in ice that remains frozen for thousands of years.

• Sediment fills an organism's footprints and turns to rock.

• An organism's remains are preserved without being changed.

• Minerals soak into and completely replace an organism's remains.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-1

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

The diagram below represents a stack of rock layers. These layers have not changed position since they formed. If the age of layer 4 is 400 million years and the age of layer 1 is 500 million years, then the age of Layer 2 is

• younger than 400 million years.

• 400 million years.

• older than 500 million years.

• between 400 million and 500 million years.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

An index fossil represents a species that lived during

• several intervals of Earth's history.

• Earth's entire history.

• a short interval of Earth's history.

• a long interval of Earth's history.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-1

Which statement about the movement of Earth's crust along a fault line is true?

• Only horizontal, side-to-side movement occurs along faults.

• Only vertical, up-and-down movement occurs along faults.

• Different types of movement occur along different types of faults.

• Crustal movement does not occur along fault lines.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-5

NGSS.HS-ESS2-1

Which of the following events occurred last to produce this rock column?

• layer A was deposited

• layer B was deposited

• layer C was deposited

• igneous intrusion D cross-cut layers

• fault E offset existing layers

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

Which of the following is a list of Earth's geologic eras from most ancient to most recent?

• Cenozoic, Mesozoic, Paleozoic, Precambrian

• Precambrian, Paleozoic, Mesozoic, Cenozoic

• Precambrian, Mesozoic, Paleozoic, Cenozoic

• Paleozoic, Precambrian, Mesozoic, Cenozoic

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

If scientists find an ice core from 30,000 years ago that contains chemicals radically different than the chemicals that are around today, they would likely conclude that...

• these chemicals are abundant today.

• the atmosphere 30,000 years ago was different than our atmosphere today.

• the number of layers they counted in the ice core was incorrect.

• the atmosphere never changes its composition.

According to the law of superposition, younger layers of rock are generally found above older layers of rock. However, there are locations where older layers are found above younger layers. Which of the following can cause this to happen?

• Rock layers can overturn as they are folded.

• During uplift, rock layers can tilt enough to overturn.

• Older rock layers can slide above younger rock layers along faults.

• all of these

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

When examining a rock sample, which of the following is the best method for determining its exact age?

• applying the law of superposition

• relative dating

• radiometric (radioactive) dating

• index fossil identification

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-8

In states along the Gulf of Mexico, fossilized seashells from millions of years ago are often found on land many kilometers from the shore. These fossils are evidence that

• the Gulf shoreline was farther inland in the past.

• seashells are formed by land creatures.

• the Gulf shoreline was farther out to sea in the past.

• the Gulf shoreline's location has not changed.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-1

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3