In this method the reinforcing steel is first prestressed and then the concrete is poured. When the concrete has developed strength, the stress in the steel is released.

• Pre-tensioning or bonded prestressing.

• Post-tensioning or unbonded pre-stressing.

• Pre-Cast

• Cast-In Place

In this method, tubes, conduits, or channels are inserted in the concrete where reinforcing steel is required.

• Pre-tensioning or bonded prestressing.

• Cast In Place

• Pre Cast

• Post-tensioning or unbonded pre-stressing.

It is a modern building method that is based in the combination of steel cross sections and reinforced concrete elements and is aimed at the maximum possible utilization of their properties to the benefit of the structure.

• Conventional Construction

• Composite Construction

• Cast-In Place Construction

• Pre-Engineered Buildings

Consists of panels and components that are pre-fabricated in a factory, and transported to the construction site ready to be assembled.

• Lateral Systems

• Open Web Steel Joist

• Pre-Engineered Metal Buildings

• Cold Rolled Steel Sections

What type of lateral system are shown in the illustration?

• Shear Wall

• Cross Bracing

• Chevron Bracing

• Rigid Frame

This type of lateral load-resisting system engages a vertical element of the building, usually concrete or masonry, to transfer the horizontal forces to the ground by a primary shear behavior.

• Shear Wall

• Cross Bracing

• Chevron Bracing

• Rigid Frames

Widely used in the pre-engineered metal building (PEMB) industry mainly as roof and floor support systems. Their capacity to sustain loads with long span and lightweight configurations gives this system a great advantage over conventional wide flange steel beams and girders in the industry.

• Cold-Rolled Steel Sections

• Open Web Steel Joists (OWSJ)

• Pre-Engineered Metal Buildings

• Pin-Joint Steel Frames

Serves as a permanent formwork for a reinforced concrete slab until the slab can support itself and its live load.

• Form Decking

• Composite Decking

• Cellular Decking

• Metal Decking

is manufactured by welding a corrugated sheet to a flat steel sheet, forming a series of spaces or raceways for electrical and communications wiring; special cutouts are available for floor outlets. The decking may serve as an acoustic ceiling when the perforated cells are filled with glass fiber.

• Metal Decking

• Form Decking

• Cellular Decking

• Composite Decking

Serves as a tensile reinforcement for the concrete slab to which it is bonded with embossed rib pattern.

• Composite Decking

• Form Decking

• Cellular Decking

• Metal Decking