2nd Industrial Revolution ~ EOC Practice ~ Connection Review

William Jennings Bryan speech attacking idea that gold was the only sound backing for currency:

“You shall not press down on the brow of labor this crown of thorns, you shall not crucify mankind on a cross of gold.”

led to his nomination as

Democratic Presidential candidate

• Cross of Gold

• Farmer's Alliance

• Grange

• Granger Laws

Agrarian movement during the 1870s and ‘80s to improve economic conditions for farmers through the creation of cooperatives and political advocacy

• Cross of Gold

• Farmer's Alliance

• Grange

• Granger Laws

Founded to advance agricultural methods

Promoted and raised awareness of the social and economic needs of the farmers

Gave their support to reform minded groups such as Populist Party and Progressives

• Cross of Gold

• Farmer's Alliance

• Grange

• Granger Laws

From 1869-1875, series of laws enacted in some states establish railroad regulations

Railroad lawyers said were a violation of the Constitution; Supreme Ct. ruled against the railroads and against the fixing of rates

• Cross of Gold

• Farmer's Alliance

• Grange

• Granger Laws

1867- prohibited unfair practices by railroads such as charging higher rates for shorter routes

1st time Congress attempted to regulate U. S. businesses.

• Interstate Commerce Act

• Populism

• urbanization

• American Federation of Labor

1891-1896 – 3rd Party “common man” movement; workers & farmers against big business

Women had an important voice

Established importance of 3rd parties in American politics; special issues & new ideas; put pressure on major parties

• Interstate Commerce Act

• Populism

• urbanization

• American Federation of Labor

Movement of population from predominately rural, agricultural nation into an industrialized one

Largely due to Industrial Revolution in the late 18th and early 19th centuries

• Interstate Commerce Act

• Populism

• urbanization

• American Federation of Labor

Fought for higher pay, a shorter workday and improved conditions for workers

United workers with similar economic concerns

Goals were often met through labor strikes

• Interstate Commerce Act

• Populism

• urbanization

• American Federation of Labor

Method for mass-producing steel from wrought iron

Allowed men to build new product and larger structures

Expanded the construction of bridges and rails

• Bessemer Process

• Great Migration

• Chinese Exclusion Act

• Gentlemen's Agreement

1882 – first federal law restricting immigration

Reflected prejudices of the time against Asians

Californian politicians blamed unemployment and a decline in wages on Chinese workers

• Bessemer Process

• Great Migration

• Chinese Exclusion Act

• Gentlemen's Agreement