Chapter 18

EXERCISE 1: Bold the subject of the adverb clause and the subject of the main clause. Change the adverb clauses to modifying adverbial phrases if possible.

3. Before I came to class, I had a cup of coffee.

• Before I was coming to class, I had a cup of coffee.

• Before I coming to class, I had a cup of coffee.

• Before coming to class, I had a cup of coffee.

• Before I came to class, I have a cup of coffee.

EXERCISE 1: Bold the subject of the adverb clause and the subject of the main clause. Change the adverb clauses to modifying adverbial phrases if possible.

4. Before the student came to class, the teacher had already given a quiz.

• Before the student came to class, the teacher has already given a quiz.

• no change

• Before the student come to class, the teacher had already given a quiz.

• Before the student had come to class, the teacher had already given a quiz.

EXERCISE 1: Bold the subject of the adverb clause and the subject of the main clause. Change the adverb clauses to modifying adverbial phrases if possible.

5. Since I came here, I have learned a lot of English.

• Since I come here, I have learned a lot of English.

• Since I came here, I learned a lot of English.

• Since coming here, I have learned a lot of English.

• Since I came here, I had learned a lot of English.

EXERCISE 1: Bold the subject of the adverb clause and the subject of the main clause. Change the adverb clauses to modifying adverbial phrases if possible.

6. Since Bob opened his new business, he has been working 16 hours a day.

• Since opening his new business, Bob has worked 16 hours a day.

• no change

• Since he opening his new business, Bob has been working 16 hours a day.

• Since opening his new business, Bob has been working 16 hours a day.

EXERCISE 1: Bold the subject of the adverb clause and the subject of the main clause. Change the adverb clauses to modifying adverbial phrases if possible.

7. After Omar (had) finished breakfast, he left the house and went to his office.

• no change

• After finishing breakfast, Omar left the house and went to his office.

• After he finishing breakfast, Omar left the house and went to his office.

• After finishing breakfast, Omar has left the house and has gone to his office.

EXERCISE 1: Bold the subject of the adverb clause and the subject of the main clause. Change the adverb clauses to modifying adverbial phrases if possible.

8. Alex hurt his back while he was chopping wood.

• Alex hurt his back while was he chopping wood.

• no change

• Alex hurt his back while was chopping wood.

• Alex hurt his back while chopping wood.

EXERCISE 1: Bold the subject of the adverb clause and the subject of the main clause. Change the adverb clauses to modifying adverbial phrases if possible.

9. You should always read a contract before you sign your name.

• You should always read a contract before signing your name.

• You should always read a contract before you signing your name.

• no change

• You should always read a contract before sign your name.

EXERCISE 1: Bold the subject of the adverb clause and the subject of the main clause. Change the adverb clauses to modifying adverbial phrases if possible.

10. Before the waiter came to our table, I had already made up my mind to order shrimp.

• Before the waiter came to our table, I have already made up my mind to order shrimp.

• Before the waiter coming to our table, I had already made up my mind to order shrimp.

• no change

• Before coming to our table, I had already made up my mind to order shrimp.

EXERCISE 1: Bold the subject of the adverb clause and the subject of the main clause. Change the adverb clauses to modifying adverbial phrases if possible.

11. Before you ask the librarian for help, you should make every effort to find the materials yourself.

• Before you asking the librarian for help, you should make every effort to find the materials yourself.

• Before asking the librarian for help, you should make every effort to find the materials yourself.

• Before asking the librarian for help, you should made every effort to find the materials yourself.

• no change

EXERCISE 1: Bold the subject of the adverb clause and the subject of the main clause. Change the adverb clauses to modifying adverbial phrases if possible.

12. While Jack was trying to sleep last night, a mosquito kept buzzing in his ear.

• While Jack try to sleep last night, a mosquito kept buzzing in his ear.

• While trying to sleep last night, a mosquito kept buzzing in his ear.

• While Jack was trying to sleep last night, a mosquito kept to buzz in his ear.

• no change