Periodic Table

What are the three main groups of the periodic table?

• groups

• metal

• nonmetals

• metalloids

• periods

What are the vertical columns on the periodic called?

• groups

• periods

• nonmetals

• metals

• metalloids

What are the horizontal rows on the periodic table called?

• periods

• groups

• metals

• nonmetals

• metalloids

In the periodic table, similar elements are arranged in vertical columns called groups. Some of the major groups include Group 1: alkali metals; Group 2: alkaline earth metals; Group 17: halogens; and Group 18: noble gases. Elements within each group have similar properties and characteristic behaviors because of their similar numbers of valence electrons.

In what direction are groups arranged in the periodic table?

• Side to side

• Up and down.

• Diagonally

• In sections.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-1

Alkali metals have 1 valence electron, making them highly reactive. With the exception of hydrogen, they tend to be very soft metals with low melting points. Examples include sodium and potassium.

Alkaline earth metals have 2 valence electrons and also are highly reactive and have high melting points. Examples include calcium and magnesium.

Halogens have 7 valence electrons and therefore are highly reactive. They tend to form compounds in nature. Examples include chlorine and fluorine.

Noble gases have a complete outer shell with 8 valence electrons, making them nonreactive. They are typically colorless, odorless gases. Examples include helium, neon, and argon.

Which group is highly reactive with high melting points?

• Alkaline metals

• Alkaline earth metals

• Halogens

• Noble gases

Carbon and silicon, however, are examples of non-metals that participate in covalent reactions. Metalloids are located in a zig-zagging line between the two other regions. Metalloids are solid semi-conductors. In contrast to metals and non-metals, metalloids participate in covalent reactions.

Where would you look on the table to find the mettaloids?

• In a zigzag line on the right.

• In column 17

• On the bottom

• On the top

The elements in groups 3-12 are called the transition metals. These are similar to the metals in that they are flexible and good conductors but different in that they have unique valence electron structure. They typically form coordinate complexes in which one atom is surrounded by several more in a large complex. Iron, gold, and copper are examples of transition metals.

Which group are the transition metals most like?

• Metals, they are flexible and good conductors.

• Non metals, they a unique valence electron structure.

• Noble gases, they don't want to bond with anything else.

• They are like both metals and non metals in some ways.

Each column in the periodic table is called a 

• period
• group
• cluster
• unit

The atomic number tells you what?

• number of electrons
• number of protons
• number of neutrons
• both electrons and protons in an atom.

Elements which are shiny, conduct electricity and heat are called

• metal
• nonmetal
• metalloid
• nonexistent

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-1