Thermal Energy Chapters 1 & 2

When two objects are in contact, their molecules:

• collide

• evaporate

• melt

• transfer

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Kinetic energy (heat flow) in objects transfers from:

• warm to warm

• cold to hot

• hot to cold

• cold to warm

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How do you calculate the AVERAGE kinetic energy of an object?

• Add the total kinetic energy of an object's molecules

• Add the total kinetic energy of the molecules, divide that number by the number of molecules

• Divide the average kinetic energy of the molecules, add the total sum of the kinetic energy

• Divide the total kinetic energy of the molecules, add the total sum of the average kinetic energy

What things are made of atoms and molecules? Select all that apply.

• Dolphins

• Magma rock

• 40-story building

• Air inside of a balloon

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How do you calculate the TOTAL kinetic energy of an object?

• Add the average kinetic energy of the molecules in the object

• Add up the kinetic energy of all molecules in an object

• Add the total kinetic energy of the molecules, divide that number by the number of molecules

• Add the kinetic energy of the molecules, divide that number by the number of molecules

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Molecules move at the same speed no matter what the temperature.

• True

• False

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

You're sitting watch Netflix on your laptop in your room. The air conditioner is on. When will heat transfer between your hot skin and the air stop?

• When the molecules in the air and the molecules on your skin reach a state of equilibrium

• When the molecules in the air reach a state of equilibrium

• When the molecules on your skin reach a state of equilibrium

• When the air conditioner air slow the molecules down in the room

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Mekaylah is freezing in class. Since it's 85 degrees outside, Jaida opens the window. When the warm air and air-conditioned air come in contact what will happen? Select all that apply.

• the warm outside air will loose kinetic energy

• the warm outside air will gain kinetic energy

• the air-conditioned air will loose kinetic energy

• the air-conditioned air will gain kinetic energy

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The outside surface of a space shuttle is covered with two layers of carbon coating. Both carbon layers are the same size and have the same number of molecules. At first, the energy of the molecules of each layer is different, as shown in the diagram above. Then, the layers are moved so they are touching.

How do the temperatures of the layers compare at first, and what will happen after the layers have been touching for a while?

• The outer layer is hotter than the inner layer. The outer layer will transfer kinetic energy to the molecules in the cooler inner layer until both layers reach the same temperature.

• The outer layer is hotter than the inner layer. The cooler inner layer will gain kinetic energy until its molecules have an energy of 90, because hotter things increase the temperature of cooler things.

• The outer layer is cooler than the inner layer. The inner layer will transfer kinetic energy to the molecules in the cooler outer layer until both layers reach the same temperature.

• The layers are different temperatures. Both kinetic energy and cold energy will transfer between the molecules in the two layers, until both layers reach the same temperature.

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Jan cooked a pot of soup, then put half the soup in the freezer for a while. The soup in the pot is hot, and the soup in the freezer is cold. What is the difference between their molecules?

• The molecules of the soup in the pot are moving and the molecules of the soup in the freezer are not moving.

• The molecules of the soup in the pot are moving faster than the molecules of the soup in the freezer.

• There is no difference because all of the soup is made of the same type of molecules.

• The molecules of the soup in the freezer are smaller than the molecules of the soup in the pot.

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