Physical Science Cumulative A Part 3

When sodium atoms (Na) and chlorine atoms (Cl) join to make sodium chloride, or table salt, they form an ionic bond. Using this information, which pair of elements is most likely to form an ionic bond?

• potassium (K) and fluorine (F)

• aluminum (Al) and aluminum (Al)

• sulfur (S) and oxygen (O)

• calcium (Ca) and neon (Ne)

Based on the location of nitrogen (N) on the periodic table, how many additional electrons does a nitrogen atom need in its valence shell to satisfy the octet rule when it forms bonds?

• 1

• 3

• 5

• 8

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-1

Helium (He) and neon (Ne) are elements in Group 8A of the periodic table. How do the electron dot diagrams of these elements compare?

• The electron dot diagram of helium has six fewer dots than the electron dot diagram of neon.

• The electron dot diagram of helium has eight fewer dots than the electron dot diagram of neon.

• Both the electron dot diagram of helium and the electron dot diagram of neon have two dots.

• Both the electron dot diagram of helium and the electron dot diagram of neon have eight dots.

Which is a force that holds atoms together?

• chemical bond

• electron shell

• valence electron

• chemical formula

Metal atoms tend to give away valence electrons when they bond with nonmetal atoms. What type of bond will form between the metal and nonmetal atoms and why does this bond form?

• A covalent bond will form because electrons are transferred.

• An ionic bond will form because electrons are transferred.

• A covalent bond will form because electrons are shared.

• An ionic bond will form because electrons are shared.

The electron dot diagram shows the arrangement of dots without identifying the element.

Which element’s symbol could replace the question mark in the diagram?

• carbon (C)

• tellurium (Te)

• beryllium (Be)

• cesium (Cs)

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-1

Atoms of which elements form bonds without satisfying the octet rule?

• potassium (K) and sodium (Na)

• neon (Ne) and argon (Ar)

• nitrogen (N) and fluorine (F)

• helium (He) and hydrogen (H)

The electron dot diagram shows the arrangement of dots without identifying the element.

Which element’s symbol could replace the question mark in the diagram?

• boron (B)

• neon (Ne)

• rubidium (Rb)

• arsenic (As)

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-1

Lead is malleable, so it can be pounded into flat sheets without breaking. How does the bonding within lead help to explain this property?

• Metallic bonds involve valence electrons that are removed from one atom and given to another, so the pounding helps the electrons move.

• Covalent bonds involve valence electrons that are shared between two metal atoms, so the bonds are strong enough to resist the pounding.

• Metallic bonds involve many valence electrons shared by many atoms, so the bonds can move around as the metal is pounded.

• Covalent bonds involve valence electrons that are removed from one atom and given to another, so the pounding helps the electrons move.

Hee Sun drew an electron dot diagram of a silicon atom as shown.

In addition to changing the symbol to C, how would this diagram compare with an electron dot diagram of a carbon atom (C)?

• The dot to the left of the symbol would be removed in the diagram for carbon.

• The same number of dots would appear in the diagram for carbon.

• There would be two dots above and to the right of the symbol in the diagram for carbon.

• The single dots would be replaced with two dots on each side of the symbol in the diagram for carbon.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-1