Chapter 11 Whose Past?

The science of morals is called

• law

• theory

• conscience

• theology

• ethics

Pseudoarchaeology is defined as

• the practice of methodologically correct archaeology by amateurs

• the use of archaeology to further the political goals of a state

• a cross between archaeology and anthropology

• the creation of extravagant and untrue stories about the past

• the components of the process of archaeology that do not involve digging

Archaeological fraud perpetuated by ______, who was found to have planted artifacts at all of the 168 sites he excavated, may have had a serious impact on how we understand the Early Paleolithic in _____.

• Ignatius Donnelly; Greece

• Heinrich Schliemann; Turkey

• Thomas Jefferson; The United States

• Shinichi Fujimura; Japan

• Piltdown Man; China

Excavation of human burials is a complex ethical issue in archaeology because

• human remains contain diseases that can make archaeologists sick

• burials are usually quite hard to locate and archaeologists have to do a lot of digging to find them

• legally, ancient remains, like modern ones, must be thoroughly investigated for foul play by the local police force

• many modern and ancient cultures frown on the disturbance of the dead

• the body might be protected by an ancient curse that could endanger archaeologists

According to NAGPRA, museums must return specific skeletons, sacred objects, and funerary goods to Native American groups if

• they ask for them

• the can no longer afford to store the objects

• if the Native American group promises to preserve and conserve the remains

• if cultural affiliation linking the goods to a modern group can be shown

• if the objects were found to have been removed from native land before 1900 without a permit

When antiquities collectors buy looted archaeological objects they

• are innocently perusing a hobby that doesn't hurt anyone

• are doing their part to help preserve the past

• are indirectly funding the looting of archaeological sites

• are indirectly preventing the looting of archaeological sites

Who owns the past?

• archaeologists

• museums

• Indigenous people

• collectors

• there is no clear answer to that question

The return of human remains or other artifacts to their country of origin is called

• colonialism

• repatriation

• preservation

• restoration

• reconstruction

When a museum label fails to indicate where exactly an artifact on display came from, that is a good sign that

• the museum is protecting the site from looters by not letting the public have much information

• the museum is very disorganized

• tests are being done on the object to determine its origis

• the object came from a looted site through illicit or illegal channels

• the museum is an older institution

In 1996 a human body radiocarbon dated to 9300 BP was found in Washington State: this find sparked a decade long battle between archaeologists and Native American groups, mostly because it was so very old. This body is known as

• Peking Man

• Kennewick Man

• The Taung Child

• Lucy

• Mungo Man