Rome: Republic to Empire

After defeating the Tarquins, Rome created a __________. This form of government gave power to the citizens by allowing citizens to elect leaders to represent them and make decisions on their behalf.

• monarchy

• oligarchy

• democracy

• republic

The Romans established _______ to make sure no one person or branch or government had too much power.

• the rule of law

• checks and balances

• Pax Romana

• bread and circuses

1. The Senate, Rome's most important legislative body, was an example of ____________.

• A court

• A war council

• an assembly or legislative body

• a debate team

1. To offset checks and balances, a _____________ could be elected to rule Rome with absolute power for a short period of time in an emergency.

• dictator

• chief

• consul

• senator

1. Consuls had the power to ___________, which means, "I forbid" in Latin and allowed one consul to reject the decision of the other consul.

• veto

• persecute

• punish

• suspend

The Twelve Tables were Rome's first written law code and established the principle that ___________.

• all citizens, including women, should be able to vote.

• all free citizens had the right to be treated equally under the law.

• all free citizens should be read their rights prior to being charged with a crime.

• all free people should be given a plot of land and two oxen.

When small farm owners returned from war, they were often in debt. This led them to sell their land to the latifundia. They were unable to find work in the cities or on the latifundia because ________ were being used to do the work.

• servants

• senators

• slaves

• housewives

Many soldiers became loyal to generals instead of the Roman Republic because the generals ___________.

• paid soldiers a wage and promised them land in exchange for service.

• threw large parties and paid the soldiers to serve the guests.

• the Roman Republic forced them to find their own food during training exercises.

• the Roman Republic lost all three Punic Wars with Cathage.

Because the generals had so much power, Rome plunged in civil war for more than 50 years. The First Triumvirate, made up of ____________ restored order

• Julius Caesar, Crassus, Pompey

• Sargon, Hammurabi, Nebuchadnezzar

• Tut, Amenhotep, Ramses

• the Aryans, the Egyptians, the Mesopotamians

Eventually, Julius Caesar had himself elected _______. He made reforms, which made him popular with the poor but unpopular with the rich. He was murdered on March 15, 44 BC.

• king of the Roman Republic

• emperor of Rome

• dictator for life

• senator of the people