Ecology Unit Exam Review

The diagram shows living and nonliving factors and the interaction between them. The diagram best represents

• a species

• a population

• a community

• an ecosystem

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The diagram represents a food web. What do the arrows in the diagram represent?

• the flow of energy

• ecological succession

• an increase in population

• the evolution of organisms

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The diagram represents a food web. Which of the following is an herbivore in the food web?

• frog

• grass

• deer

• owl

The diagram represents a food web. Which statement correctly describes interactions between organisms in this ecosystem?

• Hawks and snakes prey on both rabbits and mice.

• Mountain lions are predators of deer and mice.

• Frogs compete with mice and owls for crickets.

• Snakes compete with hawks for food and hawks are predators of snakes.

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Base your answer to the question on the diagram and on your knowledge of biology. The diagram represents part of a food web. Which population would be most immediately affected by the removal of the lizard population?

• sedges

• algae

• ants

• centipedes

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The diagram represents an energy pyramid. Which type of organism could occupy levels B, C, and D of this energy pyramid?

• consumer

• producer

• autotroph

• carnivore

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In this food chain, the owl is the

• producer

• primary consumer

• secondary consumer

• tertiary consumer

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Which of the following is the term for organisms that must consume their food?

• autotroph

• heterotroph

• producer

• decomposer

Which statement best describes the role of decomposers?

• They convert carbon dioxide and water to glucose.

• They release oxygen to the atmosphere.

• They provide energy for the synthesis of proteins.

• They break down organic compounds into products used by other organisms.

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In 2011 and 2012, scientists working on the Banana River in Florida recorded a dramatic increase in the number of manatee deaths. Over the past 50 years, this area has also seen the human population increase by more than 500,000 people. It is believed that pollution from numerous sewage tanks leaked into the water, eliminating the manatees’ food source, replacing it with an alga that is toxic to the manatee. This is an example of

• a natural cycle in an ecosystem

• the effect of increased biodiversity on an ecosystem

• human actions altering ecosystems with serious consequences

• direct harvesting in an ecosystem

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