Quiz about Chapter 19 Review

Question 1

What do paleontologists study?

Accepted Answer

fossils

Answer

space

Answer

atmosphere

Answer

weather

Question 2

What can we learn from studying fossils?

Accepted Answer

how earth's environment has changed

Answer

how hurricanes form

Answer

what causes earthquakes

Answer

how the solar system has changed

Question 3

A fossil is

Accepted Answer

the preserved remains or traces of an organism

Answer

any dead organism

Answer

a copy of a rock

Answer

none of these

Question 4

Most fossils are formed by

Accepted Answer

being buried in sediment

Answer

being preserved in amber

Answer

being frozen

Answer

drying out

Question 5

Which of the following could form a fossil?

Accepted Answer

All of the above

Answer

Bone

Answer

Shell

Answer

Seeds

Question 6

In layers of sedimentary rock, the _________ layer is usually at the bottom. Each higher layer is _________ than the layers below it.

Accepted Answer

oldest, younger

Answer

youngest, older

Answer

youngest, younger

Answer

oldest, older

Question 7

What are fossilized feces called?

Accepted Answer

coprolites

Answer

index fossils

Answer

gastroliths

Answer

amber

Question 8

What does it mean when an animal is extinct?

Accepted Answer

Something once lived but no longer exists.

Answer

Animals that is at risk of extinction.

Answer

Place that protects animals at risk.

Question 9

How are fossils created?

Accepted Answer

D. All of the above

Answer

A. Traces of organisms harden like rock.

Answer

B. Dead organisms are quickly buried for millions of years.

Answer

C. Animals get trapped.

Question 10

When did Precambrian time start?

Accepted Answer

When the Earth was born.

Answer

Proterozoic Eon

Answer

During the Archean Eon

Answer

During the Phanerozoic Eon

Question 11

The Earth is ______________ of years old

Accepted Answer

billions

Answer

hundreds

Answer

thousands

Answer

millions

Question 12

Which of the following is not an eon of geologic time?

Accepted Answer

Paleozoic

Answer

Hadean

Answer

Proterozoic

Answer

Archean

Question 13

True or False? The Paleozoic is the oldest era of the Phanerozoic eon.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 14

The longest units of geologic time are

Accepted Answer

eons

Answer

eras

Answer

periods

Answer

epochs

Question 15

The shortest units of geologic time are

Accepted Answer

epochs

Answer

eons

Answer

eras

Answer

periods

Question 16

Eons are subdivided into _________.

Accepted Answer

eras

Answer

eons

Answer

periods

Answer

epochs

Question 17

Eras are subdivided into _________.

Accepted Answer

periods

Answer

eons

Answer

eras

Answer

epochs

Question 18

Describe the most likely relationship between these mountains and nearby tectonic plates.

Accepted Answer

The mountains are probably located near the edge of 2 tectonic plates.

Answer

The mountains are probably formed by earthquakes

Answer

The mountains are probably formed by the movement of glaciers

Answer

The mountains are probably formed by running water.

Question 19

A force caused the continents to drift apart over time. Once scientists figured out what that force was, the theory of plate tectonics was born! The image above shows what Geologists think the Earth looked like millions of years ago. What name was given to this land mass.

Accepted Answer

Pangea

Answer

Plate Tectonics

Answer

Oceana

Answer

North America

Question 20

Earth's plates are....

Accepted Answer

Constantly moving and changing the face of the Earth

Answer

Never moved

Answer

Move seldom and very fast

Answer

move when they feel like it

Question 21

Earth's crust is broken up into several large rocky pieces called ...

Accepted Answer

plates

Answer

faults

Answer

fossils

Answer

puzzle pieces

Question 22

Slow change over time, such as snakes slowly evolved from reptiles with shorter and shorter legs

Accepted Answer

Gradualism

Answer

Punctuated Gradualism

Answer

Adaptive radiation

Answer

Convergent Evolution

Question 23

Periods of rapid change followed by long periods of little to no change, such as sudden color changes in animals

Accepted Answer

Punctuated Gradualism

Answer

Gradualism

Answer

Adaptive radiation

Answer

Convergent Evolution

Question 24

What are two patterns of macroevolution?

Accepted Answer

Adaptive radiation (Divergent Evolution)

Accepted Answer

Convergent Evolution

Answer

Macroevolution

Answer

microevolution

Question 25

Descendants of an ancestral species may diversify overtime into related species adapted to different niches

Accepted Answer

Adaptive radiation

Answer

Convergent Evolution

Answer

Macroevolution

Answer

microevolution

Question 26

The appearance of similar characteristics in unrelated organisms

HINT: Wings in birds and bats.

Accepted Answer

Convergent Evolution

Answer

Adaptive radiation (Divergent Evolution)

Answer

Macroevolution

Answer

microevolution

Question 27

The death of every member of a species

Accepted Answer

extinct

Answer

disease

Answer

epidemic

Answer

population

Question 28

What is a mass extinction?

Accepted Answer

When many species from all over the earth suddenly go extinct

Answer

When all the species in a particular area on earth suddenly go extinct

Answer

When one species goes extinct due to habitat changes

Answer

When all life on earth is wiped out

Question 29

The hypothesis that evolution of a species occurs gradually over time as a slow and constant process is known as

Accepted Answer

gradualism

Answer

speciation

Answer

punctuated equilibrium

Answer

microevolution

Question 30

The hypothesis that evolution of a species occurs in periods of rapid change separated by periods of little or no change is called

Accepted Answer

punctuated equilibrium

Answer

divergence

Answer

gradualism

Answer

isolation

Question 31

What type of evolution is demonstrated in this photo?

Accepted Answer

Coevolution

Answer

Convergent evolution

Answer

Punctuated evolution

Answer

Gradualistic evolution

Question 32

This is the extinction of a species one by one, not a sudden loss of many species

Accepted Answer

background extinction

Answer

mass extinction

Answer

fragmentation

Answer

biotic potential

Question 33

This experiment was conducted by the scientists:

Accepted Answer

Stanley Miller and Harold Urey

Answer

Harold Urey and Albert Einstine

Answer

Harrison Ford and Denzel Washington

Answer

James Watson and Francis Crick

Question 34

Which question were the scientists trying to answer with this experiment?

Accepted Answer

How are biomolecules formed?

Answer

Where do cells come from?

Answer

What came first the chicken or the egg?

Answer

What gave rise to the Eukaryotic cell?

Question 35

The apparatus in the experiment was used to mimic what?

Accepted Answer

early Earth's conditions

Answer

proteins

Answer

Earth's present conditions

Answer

they didn't mean to mimic anything in particular

Question 36

The gas in the apparatus mimicked?

Accepted Answer

atmosphere

Answer

space

Answer

time

Answer

stars

Question 37

The electrical sparks mimicked?

Accepted Answer

lightening

Answer

heat waves

Answer

volcano

Answer

hurricane

Question 38

The water used in the apparatus was used to mimic what part of early Earth?

Accepted Answer

ocean

Answer

sea

Answer

swimming pool

Answer

rain

Question 39

What was the result of the Miller-Urey Experiment?

Accepted Answer

amino acids

Answer

nucleotides

Answer

lipids

Answer

glucose

Question 40

Which type of cell came first?

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotic

Answer

Eukaryotic

Answer

Plant

Answer

Both Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic cells evolved around the same time

Question 41

Which of the following was probably not present in the atmosphere of the primitive Earth?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen

Answer

Methane

Answer

Water

Answer

Carbon dioxide

Question 42

Earth formed 4.5 billion years ago, but life did not show until around...

Accepted Answer

3.5 billion years ago

Answer

1 million years ago

Answer

200,000 years ago

Answer

4.2 billion years ago

Question 43

What two ways do autotrophs create their own food

Accepted Answer

chemosynthesis

Accepted Answer

photosynthesis

Answer

oxidation

Answer

spontaneous generation

Question 44

Cellular life may have begun with ____________ made of amino acids.

Accepted Answer

microspheres

Answer

macrospheres

Answer

microspores

Answer

macrospores

Question 45

Microspheres had DNA so they were able to pass their characteristics along to their offspring.

Accepted Answer

false

Answer

true

Question 46

___________________ evolved after RNA

Accepted Answer

DNA

Answer

amino acids

Answer

atoms

Answer

molecules

Question 47

"Endosymbiosis" means

Accepted Answer

Living together

Answer

Entering together

Answer

Living separately

Answer

Joining together

Question 48

The theory of Endosymbiosis explains

Accepted Answer

The origin of eukaryotes

Answer

How bacteria live

Answer

How species develop

Answer

Why cells rely on one another

Question 49

____________ & _________________ are organelles that definitely arose from endosymbiosis.

Accepted Answer

Chloroplast and mitochondria

Answer

Nucleus and cell membrane

Answer

Mitochondria and nucleus

Answer

Cell wall and chloroplast

Question 50

What are evidence to support endosymbiotic theory?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria and chloroplast have their own cell membrane

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria and chloroplast have their own genetic material

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria and chloroplast can divide independently

Answer

Mitochondria is found outside the cells

Question 51

Theory that says eukaryotic cells formed from symbiosis among several different prokaryotes.

Accepted Answer

Endosymbiotic Theory

Answer

Natural Selection

Answer

Biogenesis Theory

Answer

Evolutionary Theory

Chapter 19 Review

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