Health and Social Care Unit 1 Theories

What theory is Bowlby known for?

• Attachment Theory - Having a strong connection to a primary caregiver is critical to personal development.

• System Theory - Structure and support must be provided in all Community Circles.

• Humanism - Using positive, unconditional regard can help an individual find their best self.

• Positive Psychology - Change experiences by having positive thoughts (gratitude journal).

Which of the following psychologists developed the Strange Situation to identify various types of attachment between infants and mothers:

• Kohlberg
• Erikson
• Ainsworth
• Piaget

Identify Mary Ainsworth’s strange situation:

• A strange situation is the study of language development.

• The strange situation is a method used to observe a child’s attachment to their caregiver.

• The strange situation was a method used to observe a child’s imprinting.

• A strange situation occurs when children are adopted from deprived environments.

According to Ainsworth (1978), what are the categories of infant attachment behaviour?

• avoidant, ambivalent and secure

• avoidance, insecurity and resistance

• avoidance behaviours and happy behaviours

• insecure resistant, insecurely detached and avoidant

Choose which type of attachment is developed when a child is emotionally and physically independent from the caregiver and they do not seek out the caregiver when distressed:

• Secure

• Avoidant

• Ambivalent

Ainsworth placed her types of attachment into two distinct categories, what were these?

• Anxious and astute
• Secure and insecure
• Stable and shaky
• Tentative and trusting

An infant that is calmed quickly and easily on reunion is displaying signs of which type of attachment?

• Insecure-avoidant
• Insecure-disorganised
• Insecure-resistant
• Secure

An infant that alternates between wanting the mother and then pushes her away on reunion is displaying signs of which type of attachment?

• Insecure

• Avoidant

• Ambivalent

• Secure

The experiences of Feral, or "wild" children, seem to prove the importance of 

• nature 
• nurture
• intelligence
• gender identity

Which of the following is true of Bowlby's view on a critical period?

• He did not believe there was a critical period at all

• He believed that the critical period was the first few weeks of life

• He believed there was a sensitive period of about 2 years, after which attachments were harder to form