Microbiology

Which best explains how a virus affects other organisms?

• Viruses increase the survival of other organisms.
• Viruses immediately destroy all cells they come in contact with.
• Viruses live and reproduce in between the cells of other organisms.
• Viruses invade the cells of other organisms, using them to reproduce.

How do viruses cause disease?

• by secreting toxins
  
• by producing excess waste
  
• by damaging or killing cells
• by competing with healthy cells for nutrients

The Anopheles mosquito transmits the parasite Plasmodium to humans. Plasmodium causes malaria. In this situation, which is the vector of the disease?

• Anopheles mosquito
• Plasmodium
• human
• malaria

Which is the most likely reason for a decline in antibiotic use?

• Antibiotics have severe health side effects.
• Companies find antibiotics too expensive to produce.
• Most health insurance does not cover treatment with antibiotics.
• Bacterial infections have become resistant to present antibiotic treatment.

Which characteristic makes bacteria suitable for scientific research of disease?

• They are multicellular.
• They reproduce rapidly.
• They keep virus populations under control.
• They grow in four stages allowing growth control.

Which best explains why antibiotics are ineffective in treating viral infections?

• Viruses destroy the antibiotic.
• Antibiotics only kill living cells.
• Antibiotics increase the rate of viral growth.
• Viruses escape antibiotics by hiding in cells.

Which is the best method for preventing a parasitic disease?

• vaccination
• wearing a mask
• limiting physical contact with others
• avoiding contaminated food and water

Which explains why a fungus attaches to a host?

• The fungus provides hydration to the host.
• The fungus acquires nutrients from the host.
• The fungus injects the host with a toxin when it attaches.
• The fungus cannot survive without another living organism.

Which is true regarding bacterial and viral infections?

• Bacterial infections are treated with antibiotics, while viral infections can be prevented through use of vaccines.
• Viral infections are treated with vaccines, while bacterial infections are prevented through use of antibiotics.
• Viral infections are treated with antibiotics, while bacterial infections are treated with vaccines.
• Both viral infections and bacterial infections are treated with vaccines.

How can a single bacterium grow and reproduce exponentially?

• It reproduces sexually.
• It reproduces asexually.
• It reproduces through spores.
• It reproduces using a host cell.