Energy Flow in Ecosystems

Which process do plants use to turn sunlight into food energy?

• photosynthesis

• cellular respiration

• transpiration

• evaporation

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NGSS.MS-LS1-6

Scientist once believed that all life depending on sunlight but the discovery of _______ in 1977 changed this belief.

• dinosaurs

• soil bacteria

• hydrothermal vents

• diatoms

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Chemosynthesis has changed our thinking on the origins of life on Earth.

• True

• False

Which organism is an example of a producer?

• moth

• mushroom

• rose bush

• cheetah

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Why are mushrooms important to a food web?

• They recycle nutrients into the ecosystem.

• They produce food energy for other living things.

• They recycle oxygen into the atmosphere.

• They consume excess herbivores in the ecosystem.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

In the food chain below, which is the producer?

grass --> mouse --> snake --> hawk

• grass

• mouse

• snake

• hawk

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

NGSS.MS-LS1-6

In the energy pyramid, what is the bottom level composed of?

• Producers

• First-Level Consumers

• Second-Level Consumers

• Third-Level Consumers

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

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Which organisms are also know as autotrophs?

• photosynthesizers

• producers

• consumers

• plants

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Food chains show energy transfer between organisms. The size of a food chain can vary, yet there is a limit to the number of levels that a food chain can reach. Why is there a limit to the number of levels that a food chain can reach?

• Plants are not infinitely in the world

• Producers can only eat what is available

• Carnivores are too big to be eaten

• Energy is lost when you move up a trophic level

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

NGSS.MS-LS1-6

What would happen to the organisms in the food web below if the number of phytoplankton and vegetation decreased?

• Only the small fish would be affected

• Only the osprey would be affected

• The small fish and wading birds would be affected

• The entire food web would be affected

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NGSS.MS-LS2-4

NGSS.MS-LS2-1