Ecosystems

A __ is any organism that makes its own food.

• animal

• herbivore

• producer

• consumer

Energy enters most ecosystems as

• sunlight

• moving air

• water currents

• electricity

During photosynthesis, plants produce sugar and

• light

• water

• oxygen

• carbon dioxide

Plants turn sugar into ___ for storage so they can have energy even when they cannot perform photosynthesis.

• fat

• starch

• protein

• sodium

Sunflowers can turn their "heads" to face the sun. Where does the energy needed to do this come from originally?

• from soil

• from air

• sunlight

• carbon dioxide

Kiara brought home a new plant from the nursery. She put it near the window in her room where it would get lots of sunlight. She knew that, like all producers, plants need energy to make food. They also need matter. Where does this matter come from?

• from air and water

• from soil

• from sunlight

• from animals

A lion is a(n)___, an organism that gets food by eating other organisms.

• plant

• producer

• consumer

• herbivore

The process that breaks down food into simple materials that an animal's body can use is called

• digestion

• circulation

• respiration

• photosynthesis

When an animal eats more food than it needs right away, its body

• changes all the food energy into heat.

• stores the extra food energy for later.

• releases all the energy so it does not get fat.

• converts the energy into sodium to use later.

When an animal dies, the once-living matter from the animal's body

• regenerates so the animal can live again.

• remains exactly the same for millions of years.

• is broken down and passes into the soil and air.

• disintegrates into small particles that eventually disappear.