DNA Replication and Protein Synthesis practice

At what point in the cell cycle does DNA replication occur and why?

• before a cell divides, to provide each of the two resulting cells with a complete set of DNA

• before a cell divides, to ensure that the DNA will fit into the resulting cells

• during cell division, to ensure that the DNA will fit in the resulting cells

• after a cell divides, to provide each of the two resulting cells with a complete set of DNA

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Which of the following statements describe processes that occur during DNA replication?

• A DNA sequence is read by RNA polymerase, which produces an RNA strand that is complementary to the DNA

• Two free-floating strands of DNA are joined together by polymerase.

• Messenger RNA are decoded by a ribosome to produce an amino acid chain. In the cytoplasm, transfer RNA joins with mRNA to form a polypeptide.

• A double-stranded DNA molecule is unwound into single strands. The enzyme polymerase matches the right nucleotides to the single strands so that each forms a double-stranded DNA.

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The image shows DNA replication. DNA replication helps to conserve genetic information. The main function of this process is to

• provide an exact copy of the genetic code

• ensure genetic variation within a species

• synthesize cellular proteins

• produce antibodies to combat disease

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The sequence of bases on one strand of DNA is AGC CTA. After replication, what is the sequence of bases on the complementary strand?

• AGC CTA

• CTA GGC

• GAT CCG

• TCG GAT

DNA replication turns one strand of DNA into two new strands of DNA. What percent of each new strand is the old strand?

• Half of each new DNA is the old DNA
• The old strand of DNA was digested, so none
• The new DNA is entirely made up of the old DNA
• About every sixth base comes from the old DNA

Sometimes, DNA is called "semi-conservative." Why might this be?

• The old strand is "conserved" and used to make the new strands
• Uracil is "conserved" in that it is only used to make the new strands
• ATP is "conserved" via the usage of facilitated diffusion
• Ligase is "conserved" in that it is denatured by the process

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What process is shown in the picture?

• Photosynthesis

• Transcription

• DNA replication

• Cell Transport

What is this molecule called?

• Nucleotide

• Nucleoside

• ATP

• ADP

One difference between DNA and RNA is that....

• Only RNA has the base Uracil

• only RNA contains the base Thymine

• only RNA contains the base Cytosine

• only RNA contained the base Guanine

How does DNA replication help to conserve genetic and transmit information?

• By making an RNA copy of a DNA molecule

• By combining fragments of DNA into new combinations

• By making an exact or identical copy of a DNA molecule for the next generation during the S phase of the cell cycle

• By encoding information that causes cells to grow and develop in certain ways

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