Review: US History 1st Semester Exam (20-21)

Which Andrew Carnegie quotation best explains why he funded libraries like the one in the photograph?

• "Under the law of competition, the employer of thousands is forced into the strictest economies, ... and often there is friction between the employer and the employed"
• "The price which society pays for the law of competition, like the price it pays for cheap comforts and luxuries, is ... great"
• "The best means of benefitting the community is to place within its reach the ladders upon which the aspiring can rise"
• "This, then, is ... the duty of the man of wealth: To set an example of modest unostentatious living, shunning display or extravagance"

The business practice described above eventually led to the enactment of legislation that —

• guaranteed public access to corporate records

• protected consumers by prohibiting monopolies

• protected domestic industries from foreign competition

• required reciprocity agreements between state governments

How did Andrew Carnegie contribute to civic and social life in the United States?

• By promoting spiritual and moral values in public schools.

• By supporting conservative ideals in federal legislation and foreign policy.

• By establishing philanthropic organizations dedicated to education and the arts.

• By creating a charitable foundation to end hunger

Which benefit resulted from the introduction of the Bessemer steel process?

• Mechanical reapers to replace horse-drawn reapers

• Stronger and cheaper material for railroads and bridges

• Transistors for radios

• Electric lightbulb

Which application of a new technology can attributed to an invention of Thomas Edison?

• Refrigerated railroad cars allowed food to be transported long distances

• Light bulbs made it efficient for factory workers to work at night

• Diesel engines were used in production of airplanes

• Sonar technology was used to track submarines

How did the invention shown in this patent illustration affect industry?

• Machines needed to be repaired less frequently
• Products could be manufactured on an assembly line.
• Businesses needed to hire skilled workers.
• Factories could extend working hours.

Which statement best explains how the application of electricity in the early 1900's affected the development of the U.S. economy?

• Long distance travel became more expensive
• College education became more accessible
• Manufacturing processes became more efficient
• Household appliances became more costly

Which statement best completes this list?

• Congress passed legislation imposing tariffs on imported beef
• Most of the cowboys on cattle drives were European immigrants
• The cattle industry was nationalized under the Department of Agriculture
• The need to process large amounts of cattle made meatpacking a major industry

One way the U.S. government responded to the problems caused by the conditions in this list was by —

• passing the Interstate Commerce Act

• implementing the silver standard for currency

• creating federal jobs program for the unemployed

• establishing a new tax on capital gains

Which of the following occurred as a result of the Sherman Antitrust Act?

• Workers secured a greater share of company profits
• The influence of labor unions on factory owners was reduced
• The federal government could dissolve business monopolies
• Businesses were required to pay fees to open overseas locations