Quiz about APES Semester Exam Review

Question 1

Which of the following can naturally "fix" atmospheric nitrogen so plants can utilize it?

Accepted Answer

bacteria and lightning

Answer

only bacteria

Answer

herbivores

Answer

carnivores

Question 2

In what process is Carbon transformed into chemical energy?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis

Answer

Respiration

Answer

Primary Production

Answer

Secondary Production

Question 3

What is the role of the snake in this food web?

Accepted Answer

Secondary consumer

Answer

Primary consumer

Answer

Tertiary consumer

Answer

Producer

Question 4

Which of the following terrestrial biomes has the highest net primary productivity?

Accepted Answer

Tropical Rain Forest

Answer

Desert

Answer

Taiga

Answer

Savanna

Question 5

Which of the following biogeochemical cycle is shown in the diagram?

Accepted Answer

Water (Hydrologic) Cycle

Answer

Carbon Cycle

Answer

Nitrogen Cycle

Answer

Phosphorus Cycle

Question 6

The energy available to consumers determined by subtracting the energy used by plants from the total energy transformed by the process of photosynthesis.

Accepted Answer

Net Primary Productivity

Answer

Cellular Productivity

Answer

Gross Primary Productivity

Answer

Cellular Respiration

Question 7

Which of the following ecosystem services is categorized as regulating?

Accepted Answer

Water purification, pest control, pollination

Answer

Drinking water, timber, medicines

Answer

Recreation and education

Answer

Photosynthesis, soil formation, nutrient cycling

Question 8

Based on the theory of island biogeography, which of the following islands would most likely have the highest number of species living on it?

Accepted Answer

Large island, close to mainland

Answer

Large island, far from mainland

Answer

Small island, far from mainland

Answer

Small island, close to mainland

Question 9

Which of the following can be used to assess the biological diversity of an area?

Accepted Answer

Genetic variation within each species and number of species present

Answer

Population size of each species and area occupied by each population

Answer

Ratio of r-strategists to K-strategists and life expectancy of K-strategists

Answer

Minimum population area and minimum viable population size

Question 10

Which of the following biogeochemical cycle is shown in the diagram?

Accepted Answer

Carbon Cycle

Answer

Nitrogen Cycle

Answer

Water (Hydrologic) Cycle

Answer

Phosphorus Cycle

Question 11

Small populations of animals, such as those typically found on islands, are prone to extinction because...

Accepted Answer

they are more vulnerable to unpredictable events

Answer

they contain a high degree of genetic variability

Answer

they tend to have more predators

Answer

they are usually generalist species

Question 12

A pond is sampled once a year, and its species richness is measured. What best indicates the pond is being adversely affected by a nearby development?

Accepted Answer

The biodiversity of the pond has decreased.

Answer

An uncommon species has become more numerous.

Answer

An increase in low-tolerance species has occurred.

Answer

A decrease in high-tolerance species has occurred.

Question 13

What is a keystone species?

Accepted Answer

A species that helps to hold an ecosystem together

Answer

A species that lives in or around rocks

Answer

Keys and stones have nothing to do with ecology

Answer

A keystone isn't a living thing, it's just a stone

Question 14

What is the definition of an ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

All organisms living in the same place and the abiotic factors that affect them.

Answer

A group of animals of the same species living in the same place.

Answer

All the plants and animals living in the same place.

Question 15

In the mid 1900's, the wolves of Yellowstone were deeply affected by humans and their population significantly decreased-- making them endangered, and eventually removing them completely from the Yellowstone ecosystem. The removal of wolves, the top predator, caused what to happen to the biodiversity within Yellowstone?

Accepted Answer

A trophic cascade affected the entire food web in Yellowstone, causing some organisms to experience decreases, and others to grow rapidly.

Answer

Biodiversity increased when the wolves disappeared and more species were able to flourish without the wolves.

Answer

A trophic cascade irreversibly ruined the ecosystem in Yellowstone--destroying biodiversity forever.

Answer

The biodiversity of the park was not affected when the wolves were removed.

Question 16

An example of a behavioral adaptation is

Accepted Answer

Penguins huddling together for warmth

Answer

The long neck of a giraffe

Answer

A camel's hump used to store water

Answer

A polar bear's white fur used for camouflage

Question 17

Which feature of a rose helps it grow without being eaten by large animals?

Accepted Answer

sharp thorns

Answer

flowers with bright colors

Answer

small seeds

Answer

deep roots

Question 18

The raccoon has hands and feet. Why would the raccoon need this adaptation?

Accepted Answer

to help them find and pick up food

Answer

to fight

Answer

to hang from trees

Answer

to dig a tunnel

Question 19

Anything that helps an animal survive in its environment.

Accepted Answer

adaptation

Answer

counter-shading

Answer

mimicry

Answer

camouflage

Question 20

This biome is very hot all year long, found close to the equator, and has high amounts of rain fall.

Accepted Answer

Rain forest

Answer

Deciduous forest

Answer

Taiga

Answer

desert

Question 21

This biome has very little precipitation throughout the year, often experiences big differences in temperature from day to night, and has very little plant or animal life.

Accepted Answer

Desert

Answer

Tundra

Answer

Taiga

Answer

Rainforest

Question 22

What process occurs when dead plant and animal matter decomposes and nitrogen is released back into the atmosphere?

Accepted Answer

Denitrification

Answer

Assimilation

Answer

Fixation

Answer

Ammonification

Question 23

Negative Feedback Loops:

Accepted Answer

prevent small changes from getting larger

Answer

amplify processes

Answer

are initiated during childbirth

Answer

are found only in plants

Question 24

A _________________ feedback loop moves a system to an extreme.

Accepted Answer

Positive

Answer

Neutral

Answer

Circular

Answer

Negative

Question 25

Polar Ice Caps are melting due to an increase in Earth's temperature. This lowers the albedo of Earth, which in turn increases Earth's temperature. This is an example of what type of feedback?

Accepted Answer

Positive

Answer

Negative

Answer

Neutral

Answer

Ecosystem

Question 26

__________ primary productivity is the total amount of energy that producers convert to chemical energy in organic molecules per unit of time.

Accepted Answer

Gross

Answer

Net

Answer

Total

Answer

None of the above

Question 27

__________productivity = the organic materials that remain after photosynthetic organisms in the ecosystem have used some of these compounds for their cellular energy needs (cellular respiration).

Accepted Answer

Net

Answer

Gross

Answer

Primary

Answer

Secondary

Question 28

A zebra is an example of

Accepted Answer

a primary consumer.

Answer

a producer

Answer

a secondary consumer.

Answer

a detritivore.

Answer

a scavenger

Question 29

The average efficiency of energy transfer between trophic levels is approximately

Accepted Answer

10 percent

Answer

1 percent

Answer

4 percent

Answer

40 percent

Answer

50 percent

Question 30

How would a tree falling from the overstory layer MOST immediately affect the surrounding plants in the other 3 layers?

Accepted Answer

They would have access to more sunlight and more space

Answer

They would have access to more sunlight but less space

Answer

They would have access to less sunlight but more space.

Answer

They would have access to less sunlight and less space.

Question 31

Which change in the environment would have a negative effect on the survival of a species in an ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

Introduction of a competing species

Answer

Increase in the population of prey

Answer

Decrease in the population of predators

Answer

Increase in genetic diversity of the species.

Question 32

Are decomposers biotic or abiotic factors?

Accepted Answer

biotic

Answer

abiotic

Question 33

Temperature, light, air, water, and soil are all  _____  parts of the environment

Accepted Answer

abiotic

Answer

alive

Answer

biotic

Answer

living

Question 34

Which statement below is true of mutations

Accepted Answer

will increase the genetic diversity of in a population if it is beneficial

Answer

are intentional, not random, changes in the genetic code

Answer

are never passed on to successive generations

Answer

will never improve an organisms chances of survival

Question 35

Zone where small numbers can survive these difficult conditions

Accepted Answer

zone of physiological stress

Answer

range of tolerance

Answer

zone of intolerance

Answer

optimal range

Question 36

Zone where organisms cannot survive

Accepted Answer

zone of intolorance

Answer

range of tolerance

Answer

optimal range

Answer

zone of physiological stress

Question 37

Zone where a stable healthy population survives

Accepted Answer

optimal range

Answer

zone of intolerance

Answer

zone of physiological stress

Answer

limiting factors

Question 38

Ecosystem services

Accepted Answer

are the processes by which life-supporting resources are produced.

Answer

indicate the current state of the environment.

Answer

are valued for their beauty.

Answer

refer to abiotic features of the environment.

Question 39

The aesthetic value of an ecosystem provides

Accepted Answer

a cultural service.

Answer

a supporting service.

Answer

a regulating service.

Answer

an intrinsic value.

Question 40

When a spruce tree is harvested so the wood can be used to build a house, the tree is providing

Accepted Answer

a provision.

Answer

a cultural service.

Answer

an intrinsic value.

Answer

a monetary unit.

Question 41

Bees are important to ecosystems and humans because they provide

Accepted Answer

a support system through the pollination of food crops.

Answer

a regulating service through the pollination of crops.

Answer

a regulating service that increases crop yields.

Answer

a support system through promoting biodiversity of crops.

Question 42

The study of where organisms live and how they got there is called ___________________________.

Accepted Answer

biogeography

Answer

ecology

Answer

entomology

Answer

chemistry

Question 43

Combustion is another word for __________.

Accepted Answer

Burning

Answer

Transportation

Answer

Respiration

Answer

Fossil Fuels

Question 44

Which one of these does not add CO2 to the atmosphere?

Accepted Answer

planting trees

Answer

cooking with gas

Answer

burning wood

Answer

riding in a bus

Question 45

How do living organisms return carbon to the atmosphere in the carbon cycle?

Accepted Answer

decomposition and respiration

Answer

respiration and photosynthesis

Question 46

Primary succession occurs in an area that has:

Accepted Answer

Has No Soil

Answer

Has Soil

Answer

Has Some Soil

Answer

none of these

Question 47

___ are the first organisms to colonize an area and begin the process of ecological succession.

Accepted Answer

pioneer species

Answer

foundational organisms

Answer

introductory organisms

Answer

primary organisms

Question 48

Which of the following is the correct order of ecological succession?

Accepted Answer

lichens - grasses - shrubs - trees

Answer

grass - shrubs - lichens - trees

Answer

lichens - shrubs - grasses - trees

Answer

grasses - lichens - shrubs - trees

Question 49

What is the term that describes a steady and stable community?

Accepted Answer

climax community

Answer

peak community

Answer

turf community

Answer

disturbed community

Question 50

Breaks down dead organisms (example: bacteria and fungi)

Accepted Answer

Decomposer

Answer

Herbivore

Answer

Carnivore

Answer

Omnivore

Question 51

In the energy pyramid here, which organisms have the most energy available?

Accepted Answer

Producers

Answer

Carnivores

Answer

Herbivores

Answer

Top Predator

Question 52

An organism that needs to eat other organisms to obtain energy is known as a:

Accepted Answer

Consumer

Answer

Autotroph

Answer

Producer

Answer

Mutualist

Question 53

No two species can occupy the same niche

Accepted Answer

Competitive Exclusion Principle

Answer

Limiting Exclusion Theory

Answer

Competitive Limiting Principle

Answer

Limiting Competitive Theory

Question 54

What type of species interaction is the following: two bears fighting over the same mate.

Accepted Answer

competition

Answer

predation

Answer

mutualism

Answer

parasitism

Question 55

This is when water is absorbed into the ground.

Accepted Answer

Infiltration

Answer

Condensation

Answer

Transpiration

Answer

Runoff

Question 56

Where do all life forms get their energy?

Accepted Answer

The Sun

Answer

Earth's Core

Answer

Water

Answer

Plants

Question 57

According to most scientists, what is the ultimate cause of most mass extinctions?

Accepted Answer

major change in environment

Answer

overhunting

Answer

evolution of new species to replace old ones

Answer

asteroid impact

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