Biology Exam Review 5

The Cell Theory states:

Principle I - All living things are composed of cells.

Principle II - The cell is the basic unit of structure and function in living organisms.

Principle III - All cells come from the division of pre-existing cells.

The contributions made by Rudolf Virchow led to the formulation of which component(s) of the Cell Theory?

• Principle I

• Principle II

• Principle III

• Principles I & II

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Plants and animals are both "eukaryotes" and as such they have many cellular structures that are the same. What organelle is present in plant cells, but not in animal cells?

• nucleus

• mitochondria

• chloroplast

• vacuole

As scientists studied cells, they discovered there are two kinds which they called prokaryotic and eukaryotic. The internal construction of the cell determines its classification. What does a eukaryote have that at prokaryote does not?

• DNA

• Membrane-bound nuclei

• Flowing cytoplasm

• Cell membrane

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Which structure is not present in a prokaryotic cell?

• DNA

• Nuclear membrane

• Phospholipid membrane

• Cytoplasm

Most animal eukaryotic cells have a -

• cell wall, nucleus, and cytoplasm.

• nucleus, chloroplasts, and nucleolus

• cell wall, nucleus, and mitochondrion.

• plasma membrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm.

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Which molecule provides most of the energy used to drive chemical reactions in cells?

• DNA

• RNA

• ATP

• ADP

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The diagram below shows how a paramecium maintains homeostasis. A paramecium normally lives in a hypotonic environment in which water continually diffuses into the cell. To maintain homeostasis, the paramecium must pump out large amounts of water using its contractile vacuole.

• Water will diffuse into the paramecium.

• Water will diffuse out of the paramecium.

• Salt will be pumped out of the paramecium by the vacuole.

• Salt will be pumped into the paramecium by the vacuole.

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Which organelle contains energy-rich organic compounds necessary for ATP production?

• ribosome

• mitochondria

• nucleus

• lysosome

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By what process do cells move water across a membrane along a concentration gradient?

• Active transport

• Osmosis

• Facilitated diffusion

• Passive Transport

A type of cellular transport is shown.

Which description best identifies this type of cellular transport?

• Active transport, because energy is being used to move molecules against the concentration gradient

• Facilitated diffusion, because energy is being used to move molecules with the concentration gradient

• Osmosis, because energy is not being used to move molecules with the concentration gradient

• Endocytosis, because energy is not being used to move molecules against the concentration gradient