Biology Semester Review

Which structure can be found in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?

• Mitochondrion

• Nucleus

• Chloroplast

• Nucleic acid

A Venn diagram comparing and contrasting two types of cells is provided.

What additional characteristic (X) belongs in the central section of the Venn diagram?

• Ribosome

• Mitochondrion

• Chloroplast

• Endoplasmic reticulum

Most viruses have the structural arrangement of —

• a cell wall surrounding the cell membrane

• a capsid shell made from lipids

• flagella surrounding the cell membrane

• a capsid surrounding a nucleic acid sequence

The models represent cells and viruses found in the ecosystem.

Which models represent viruses?

• I, III

• IV, V

• II, V

• II, IV, V

Which of the following statements accurately describes a difference between viruses and

bacteria?

• Viruses are much smaller than bacteria cells.

• Viruses have a higher metabolism than bacteria cells.

• Viruses contain organelles while bacteria cells do not.

• Viruses reproduce asexually while bacteria cells reproduce sexually.

What structure is most likely found in both viruses and cells?

• Ribosomes

• Proteins

• Cytoplasm

• Vacuoles

What is one of the functions of nucleic acids?

• Stores genetic information and helps to make proteins

• Increases the rate of chemical reactions

• Stimulates metabolism in all body cells

• Activates secretion of the body's hormones

Which of the following macromolecules is a prominent part of animal tissue that functions in insulation, helping animals conserve heat?

• Carbohydrates

• Lipids

• Proteins

• Nucleic acids

Which of the following is arranged in the order of increasing levels of organization?

• Molecule, atom, cell

• Cell, atom, molecule

• Atom, molecule, cell

• Cell, molecule, atom

Chromosomes are composed of two types of biomolecules. One of the biomolecules in chromosomes is called DNA, which functions as the genetic code. The other biomolecules in

chromosomes are called histones, which bind the DNA tightly for cell division. Genes in DNA have the code for making histones.

Based on the information above, which types of biomolecules are in chromosomes?

• Carbohydrates and lipids

• Proteins and nucleic acids

• Proteins and carbohydrates

• Nucleic acids and carbohydrates