Modal Perfect B1+ / B2 CEFR

Modal perfect refers to the ....

• Past

• Present

• Future

In order to form the modal perfect we need a modal and ...

• have

• has

• had

• -ed

• 3rd column irreg. verbs

Certainty in the past

He ............ scared when he saw the snake! Of that I'm sure.

• must have been

• must be

• should be

• should have been

Certainty in the past

You ............... him last night. He’s in Peru!

• couldn't have seen

• can't see

• can't have seen

• mustn't have seen

Ability / Opportunity in the past

I .............. with them but I didn’t want to.

• might have gone

• could have gone

• can have gone

Possibility in the past

I ................ my keys at work.

• may have left

• should have left

• might have left

• could have left

Advice not followed / Sb did sth wrong

Look at you! You got burnt! You .................. some sunscreen on.

• would have put

• should have put

• should put

• ought to have put

Willingness to do sth in the past but ...

If I had known you were in town, I .................. you.

• should have called

• would call

• would have called

Sth possible which didn't happen

Thanks for reminding me – I ................ about it!

• would forget

• would have forgotten

• ought to have forgotten

Sth done which wasn't necessary

You ................ me such an expensive present! It is awesome! Thank you so much!

• needn’t have bought

• couldn't have bought

• needn't buy