APES Mining

Type of surface mining that uses explosives, massive shovels, and even larger machinery called drag lines to expose seams of coal underneath

• mountaintop removal
• area strip mining
• contour strip mining
• open-pit mining

Part of a metal-yielding material that can be economically and legally extracted at a given time

• geology
• mineral
• lithosphere
• ore

Layer of soil and rock overlying a mineral deposit

• underburden
• overburden
• lithosphere
• asthenosphere

Process in which a desired metal is separated from the other elements

• high-grade ore
• spoils
• ore
• smelting

Extraction of a metal ore or fuel resource such as coal from a deep underground deposit

• open-pit mining
• contour strip mining
• surface mining
• subsurface mining

Tailings are

• minerals found in metamorphic rock
• magma ore resulting from seafloor spreading
• the remaining supply of metals on Earth
• the waste material from mining

Which type of mining is usually most directly harmful to miners?

• sub-surface mining
• open pit mining
• placer mining
• strip mining

Reclamation is.....

• not required in the US.
• a process that causes significant environmental damage.
• returning the land back to its original condition after mining
• required for every country and every type of mine in the world.

Acid mine drainage causes

• air pollution
• water pollution 
• subsidence
• erosion

Acid mine drainage is cause by which element?

• carbon
• sulfur
• nitrogen
• boron