Cambridge Latin Stage 6 Grammar

The imperfect tense is used to describe

• An action that is currently ongoing

• An action that started in the past and could be ongoing

• An action that was completed in the past

• An action that was completed before a more recent past action (ie "the past of the past")

The perfect tense is used to describe

• An action that is currently ongoing

• An action that started in the past and could be ongoing

• An action that was completed in the past

• An action that was completed before a more recent past action (ie "the past of the past")

The imperfect forms of sum are:

• sum, es, est, sumus, estis sunt

• eram, eras, erat, eramus, eratis, erant

• fui, fuisti, fuit, fuimus, fuistis, fuerunt

• essem, esses, esset, essemus, essestis, essent

How is the imperfect formed?

• present stem + bam, bas, bat, bamus, batis, bant

• perfect stem + i, isti, it, imus, istis, erunt

• perfect stem + bam, bas, bat, bamus, batis, bant

• present stem + i, isti, it, imus, istis, erunt

How is the perfect formed?

• present stem + bam, bas, bat, bamus, batis, bant

• perfect stem + i, isti, it, imus, istis, erunt

• perfect stem + bam, bas, bat, bamus, batis, bant

• present stem + i, isti, it, imus, istis, erunt

How are perfect stems most often formed?

• Reduplication of initial consonant sound

• Vowel Change (ablaut)

• It stays the same

• Adding a -v or an -s to the present stem

Translate: Quīntus per viam ambulāvit.

• Quintus walks through the street

• Quintus was walking through the street

• Quintus walked through the street

• Quintus is walking through the street

Translate: "Metella aberat, quod sorōrem vīsitābat."

• Metella was absent because she had visited a sister.

• Metella left because she was visiting a sister.

• Metella left because she visited a sister.

• Metella was absent because she was visiting a sister.

Write the 3rd perfect singular form of festino (ie "he hurried") in Latin.

Write the 3rd imperfect plural form of ambulo (ie "they were walking") in Latin