Unit #4: Earth Systems & Resources

The lowest layer of Earth's atmosphere

• groundwater
• troposphere
• Lithosphere
• atmosphere

the rigid outer part of the earth, consisting of the crust and upper mantle.

• troposphere
• Lithosphere
• weathering
• atmosphere

The layer of hot, solid material between Earth's crust and core.

• watershed
• weathering
• mantle
• parent material

One plate going under another plate

• parent material
• subduction
• troposphere
• atmosphere

soil horizons/soil profiles

• sand, silt, clay
• upper soil layers that hold both air and water
• distinct layers of soil
• how well soil can retain water (sand is low, clay is high)

the formation of new areas of oceanic crust, which occurs through the upwelling of magma at midocean ridges and its subsequent outward movement on either side.

• transform fault boundary
• sea floor spreading
• global wind patterns
• rain shadow effect

a boundary in which two plates slide past each other without creating or destroying lithosphere

• convergent plate boundary
• jet stream
• Sea Surface Temperature (SST)
• transform fault boundary

Mass movements of surface water produced by prevailing winds blowing over the oceans.

• jet stream
• currents
• aquifer
• groundwater

soil fertility

• Soil's ability to hold nutrients and to supply nutrients to a plant
• A deep valley that forms where two plates move apart
• a chart used to classify the makeup of various soils
• Ability of rock or soil to allow water to flow through it

an area where plates move toward one another and collide

• soil texture triangle
• convergent plate boundary
• divergent plate boundary
• water holding capacity