U4: L1 The Flow of Energy Drives the Cycling of Matter

Why is the ability to move important to animals?

• It helps them find food.

• It helps them stay warm.

• It helps them obtain oxygen.

• It helps them differentiate cells.

What form of energy is stored in food?

• heat

• light energy

• energy of motion

• energy in molecules

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How do organisms get the energy they need?

• Plants get energy from fertilizers. Animals get energy from water.

• Plants get energy from the soil. Animals get energy directly from sunlight.

• Plants do not need energy because they do not move. Animals get energy from food.

• Plants use energy from sunlight to make sugar molecules. Animals get energy from eating other organisms.

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Dylan drew a diagram showing that certain organisms eat other organisms. The diagram included a caption stating that the amount of available energy decreases with each organism that is eaten. How is this explained by the law of conservation of energy?

• Living things change energy into matter.

• Some of the energy is used for life processes.

• Some energy disappears when living things are eaten.

• Only small amounts of energy can be destroyed at a time.

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Carbon exists in many forms on Earth. The diagram shows part of the carbon cycle.

What does this diagram show?

• It shows how matter can pass through an ecosystem.

• It shows each step in the correct order that carbon must pass through.

• It shows how more carbon is constantly being formed and passed along.

• It shows how carbon is running out because it is all being used up by animals.

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Worms break down dead plants in the soil to release nutrients. Which property of nutrients shows that they are matter?

• Nutrients are warm.

• Nutrients have mass.

• Nutrients can do work.

• Nutrients contain energy.

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Some consumers, such as many flying insects, need large amounts of energy to grow and move from one place to another. How do consumers get energy to function?

• Consumers obtain all of their energy by eating other organisms.

• Consumers obtain some energy from other organisms and some from sunlight.

• Consumers obtain most of their energy by absorbing it from their environments.

• Consumers convert light energy from the sun into chemical energy stored in food.

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Which of these best explains why predators need plants, such as grass, in their ecosystem?

• Plants are a large part of their diets

• Plants provide safety for predators

• Plants break down the organisms that the predators eat

• Plants provide food for their animals that the predators eat

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What is the first source of energy for almost all food webs?

• Plants

• Sunlight

• Mineral in the soil

• Decomposers

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What organisms are at the bottom of an energy pyramid?

• Producer

• Consumer

• Decomposer

• Scavenger

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