Amplify - Earth's Changing Climate Chapter 2 Critical Juncture

What is the greenhouse effect?

• The process by which certain gases in Earth's atmosphere trap heat, preventing it from escaping into space, which helps to keep the planet warm.

• A phenomenon where the Earth cools down due to the reflection of sunlight by clouds.

• The increase in Earth's temperature due to the depletion of the ozone layer.

• A method of generating energy by capturing solar radiation and converting it into electricity.

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How can fossil evidence inform us about past climate conditions?

• Fossil evidence can indicate the types of organisms that existed and the climate conditions they thrived in, helping scientists understand historical climate changes.

• Fossil evidence is primarily used to date rocks and determine their age.

• Fossil evidence shows the geographical distribution of species but not climate conditions.

• Fossil evidence can only indicate the presence of life, not the climate in which it existed.

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How do scientists measure energy entering and exiting the Earth system?

• By measuring solar radiation, heat emissions, and greenhouse gas concentrations to assess energy balance.

• By calculating the total mass of the Earth and its atmosphere.

• By observing weather patterns and climate changes over time.

• By using satellites to track animal migrations and plant growth.

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What role does carbon dioxide play in Earth's climate?

• Carbon dioxide is a pollutant that harms the atmosphere.

• Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas that traps heat in the atmosphere.

• Carbon dioxide has no significant impact on climate change.

• Carbon dioxide is primarily responsible for ozone depletion.

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How does an increase in methane affect energy in the Earth system?

• It leads to more energy being absorbed by Earth's surface, contributing to warming.

• It decreases the amount of energy absorbed by the Earth's surface, leading to cooling.

• It has no significant effect on energy absorption in the Earth system.

• It increases the reflection of solar energy back into space.

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What is the impact of increased greenhouse gases on Earth's surface temperature?

• Increased greenhouse gases lead to higher surface temperatures as they trap more heat in the atmosphere.

• Increased greenhouse gases have no effect on surface temperatures.

• Increased greenhouse gases cool the Earth's surface by reflecting sunlight.

• Increased greenhouse gases cause surface temperatures to fluctuate unpredictably.

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What is the significance of ice core data in climate studies?

• Ice core data provides historical records of Earth's atmosphere, allowing scientists to study past climate conditions and changes in greenhouse gas concentrations.

• Ice core data is primarily used for predicting future weather patterns.

• Ice core data helps in the development of new ice cream flavors.

• Ice core data is irrelevant to climate studies.

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What happens to energy in the Earth system when carbon dioxide levels decrease?

• Less energy is trapped in the atmosphere, leading to less energy in the Earth system and potentially cooler temperatures.

• More energy is trapped in the atmosphere, leading to warmer temperatures.

• Energy levels remain unchanged in the Earth system.

• Energy is released into space, causing a significant increase in temperatures.

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What is the role of the sun in Earth's energy system?

• The sun is the primary source of energy for Earth, providing the heat necessary for weather, climate, and life.

• The sun is a secondary source of energy that only affects the Earth's surface temperature.

• The sun's role is limited to providing light during the day, with no impact on weather or climate.

• The sun is responsible for the Earth's magnetic field and has no role in energy provision.

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What are some examples of greenhouse gases?

• Carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), and water vapor.

• Oxygen (O2), nitrogen (N2), hydrogen (H2), and argon (Ar).

• Sulfur dioxide (SO2), ozone (O3), carbon monoxide (CO), and helium (He).

• Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), ammonia (NH3), acetylene (C2H2), and ethylene (C2H4).

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