TRANSFERING ENERGY (ATP, ATP SYNTHASE)

In chemical reactions, energy can be absorbed and released during the

• breaking of bonds

• forming of bonds

• breaking and forming of bonds

When a log burns, the energy stored in wood molecules is ___________________ in a burst of heat and light.

• released

• stored

• released and stored

In cells, chemical energy is gradually released in a series of chemical reactions that are assisted by

• hydrogen ions

• enzymes

• lipids

Enzymes are

• proteins that act as catalysts in biochemical reactions

• a series of molecules through which electrons pass

• a substance that gives another substance or a mixture its color

• molecules with eyes

When cells break down food molecules, some of the energy is released as heat. The remaining energy is used to make

• ATP

• ATP synthase

• Hydrogen ions

When glucose is broken down during cellular respiration, _________________ is stored temporarily in molecules of ATP.

• energy

• hydrogen ions

• NADH

Like money, ATP is a portable form of energy "currency" inside cells.

• TRUE

• FALSE

ATP can be used to

• contract a muscle cell

• actively transport protein

• help make more ATP

• all of the above

• none of the above

ATP is a nucleotide made up of a chain of _____________ phosphate groups.

• one

• two

• three

This chain of phosphate groups is unstable because

• the phosphate groups are negatively charged and thus repel each other

• the phosphate groups are positively charged and thus attract each other