Microevolution & Macroevolution Review

True or False. Genetic drift can cause evolution to occur.

• True

• False

A change in the genetic material of a cell is called a

• mutation.

• meiosis.

• gene flow.

• bottleneck effect.

A large hurricane reduces a population of wild foxes from 1,200 to only 20 individuals. What has occurred?

• gene flow

• bottleneck effect

• natural selection

• founder effect

Which of the following options describes gene flow?

• the creation of new mutations

• the overproduction of individuals in a population

• the movement of individuals into or out of a population

• a random change in gene frequency

Genetic drift typically occurs in

• diverse populations.

• large populations.

• small populations.

Fighting between male elephant seals over females is an example of

• natural selection.

• founder effect.

• bottleneck effect.

• sexual selection.

What kind of isolation occurs when two populations of birds have different courtship dances?

• geographic

• sexual

• behavioral

• temporal

Which of the following examples illustrates a temporal barrier to mating between populations?

• Populations of the same species of seal live on islands too far apart to swim between them for mating.

• Species of birds have elaborate courtship dances, and females select the best dancers as mates.

• Varieties of oak tree produce pollen during different seasons, so they can't pollinate one another.

• Herds of caribou misinterpret each other's mating behavior, so they fight instead of mating.

Which of the following describes speciation?

• combining of two species to form one with different traits

• isolation that affects mating behavior

• divergence of two or more species from an existing one

• timing of mating that prevents normal sexual selection

Corals have evolved shapes that allow algae to more easily fit and live on them. Which type of evolution is this?

• directional selection

• disruptive selection

• stabilizing selection

• coevolution