Gene regulation and mutations 22-23

Why are insertion and deletion mutations so harmful?

• They change all of the codons from the mutation on down the line, which changes the amino acid sequence
• They insert things that an organism doesn't need.
• They often delete things that organisms need.
• Insertion and deletions are not any more harmful than substitution mutations.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Identify the SUBSTITUTION mutation from the following DNA sequence: 
ATG CCA AAT

• ATG TCA AAT
• ATG CCT AAA T
• ATC CA  AT
• ATG CCA AAT

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

In eukaryotes, this enzyme splits the Double helix of DNA and adds nucleotide bases?

• RNA polymerase

• topoisomerase
• regulatory genes
• activators

What is the name given to part of a DNA molecule that codes for a protein?

• Glucose
• Chromosome
• Gene
• Phosphate

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

What is this molecule that delivers amino acids and binds with the mRNA molecule?

• Amino Acid
• tRNA
• Anticodon
• Codon

How does the ribosome know when to stop building the protein chain?

• mRNA has a STOP codon that gets read by the ribosome.

• tRNA has a STOP codon that gets read by the ribosome.

• The ribosome stops reading mRNA on its own, with no signal.

• The mRNA strand moves all the way through the ribosome, and once there is no mRNA left, the ribosome stops.

Any change in the sequence of DNA is...

• transgenic shift
• Single Genotype
• Monohybrid Trait
• Mutation

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

The process that DNA is copied to mRNA is _______

• translation
• transcription
• replication

The process to go from mRNA to a protein is called ____

• transcription
• rRNA
• replication
• translation

DNA holds the code for?

• lipids
• carbohydrates
• protein
• sugar