Ionic and Metallic Bonding

Which statement best compares the melting points of magnesium and sodium?

• Magnesium has a higher melting point because it contributes one additional electron per atom than sodium in the electron sea.

• Magnesium has a higher melting point because it contributes two additional electrons per atom than sodium in the electron sea.

• Sodium has a higher melting point because it contributes one fewer electron per atom than magnesium in the electron sea.

• Sodium has a higher melting point because it contributes two fewer electrons per atom than magnesium in the electron sea.

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NGSS.HS-PS1-1

If you wanted to make a crucible for melting sodium (Na), which metal would be most suitable for that purpose? (THIS QUESTION IS ASKING WHICH MATERIAL IS STRONGER THAN Na)

• calcium (Ca)

• rubidium (Rb)

• lithium (Li)

• potassium (K)

The image shows a diagram for a suspension bridge such as the Golden Gate. There are metal elements in the suspenders, towers, cables, and especially the surface. The engineers who design bridges need to consider the properties of metals, such as ductility and malleability. 

If a big force acts on the metal towers of the suspension bridge, the tower will not break into pieces like glass, but will bend instead. Which property of metals explains this phenomenon?

• brittleness

• conductivity

• ductility

• malleability

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NGSS.HS-PS2-3

An atom X has three electrons in its outermost shell. Which ion will most likely be formed by X?

• X²⁻

• X³⁻

• X²⁺

• X³⁺

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NGSS.HS-PS1-1

NGSS.HS-PS1-2

Which statement explains whether NaCl or BeO will have a stronger bond?

• BeO will have a stronger bond because it has a smaller ionic charge, and a smaller distance between ions.

• NaCl will have a stronger bond because it has a smaller ionic charge, and a smaller distance between ions.

• BeO will have a stronger bond because it has a larger ionic charge, and a smaller distance between ions.

• NaCl will have a stronger bond because it has a smaller ionic charge, and a larger distance between ions.

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NGSS.HS-PS1-3

Read the passage and use the diagram to answer the next two questions.

The image shows the unit cell for perovskite (CaTiO4). It was discovered in 1839 in Russia by Gustav Rose, and a compound with the same structure is used to manufacture solar cells. The melting point of perovskite is 1980°C.

Which statement explains why the melting point of perovskite is 1980°C?

• The melting point of perovskite is 1980°C because the electrostatic attraction between atoms holds them closely together.

• The melting point of perovskite is 1980°C because the sharing of electrons between atoms holds them closely together.

• The melting point of perovskite is 1980°C because the sharing of electrons between atoms holds them far away from each other.

• The melting point of perovskite is 1980°C because the electrostatic attraction between atoms holds them far away from each other.

Which of the following compounds is likely to be a good conductor of electricity in the molten state?

• NaCl

• Copper sulfate (CuSO4)
• Water (H2O)
• Sugar (C12H22O11)

What is the primary difference between metallic and ionic bonds?

• Metallic bonds involve the transfer of electrons between atoms.
• Ionic bonds are formed only between nonmetals.
• Metallic bonds create neutral atoms without any charge.
• The primary difference is that metallic bonds involve movement of electrons among metal atoms, while ionic bonds involve electron transfer between atoms, creating charged ions.

Which of the following compounds is likely to have the highest melting point?

• MgO

• Fe₂

• C₆H₁₂O₆

• Cu

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NGSS.HS-PS1-3

Which of the following images represent Ionic bonds -Select all that apply

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NGSS.HS-PS1-3