AP Human Geo Unit 4 Exam

Which of the following explains why Korea and Vietnam were viewed as shatterbelts during the

Cold War?

• Korea and Vietnam were politically controlled by regional powers.

• Korea and Vietnam kept two political adversaries geographically separated.

• Korea and Vietnam fragmented into new states due to internal tensions.

• Korea and Vietnam tried to control land and sea areas around their states.

• Korea and Vietnam experienced conflict due to a dispute between global powers.

Which of the following describes a federal form of governance?

• A centralized government creates a barrier to local participation in the political process.

• Autonomous regions act outside the authority of a central government.

• Federal states encourage devolutionary movements and break apart quickly.

• Laws are enacted in a single language to promote cultural unity.

• Multiple substates have local control and are unified to pursue common goals at the national level.

The European Union is an example of

• supranationalism

• nationalism

• a fragmented state

• a unitary state

• a nation-state

The Berlin Conference established the borders of North African countries including Egypt, Libya, and Sudan. The landscape of these countries influenced the types of boundaries imposed by the European colonial powers. Which of the following boundary types best explains the influence of landscape on the political borders of the North African region?

• Antecedent, based on tribal cultural boundaries that existed before European colonization

• Subsequent, with smaller buffer states placed between larger states to prevent political conflicts

• Consequent, accounting for local differences in language and religion during European colonization

• Natural, with irregular lines, accounting for regional physical features such as mountains or water

• Geometric, with straight lines, disregarding physical features or tribal cultural differences of the areas

Which of the following is South Africa’s former state-sanctioned policy of segregating the races?

• Redlining

• Gerrymandering

• Apartheid

• Secularism

• Gentrification

Native American tribes are considered

• Semi automous

• nation-state

• multi-state nation

• federal government

• unitary government

The Kurds are

• a nation-state

• a stateless nation

• devoluted nation

• an autonomous region

• a multi-state nation

The Berlin Wall fell in 1989, but people in the former East and West Germany still feel its influence. Geographers would say that where the wall once stood now acts as a

• superimposed boundary

• relict boundary

• fortified boundary

• antecedent boundary

• natural boundary

Which of the following is an accurate comparison of devolutionary movements in Spain and

Canada?

• There is an economic aspect to the Quebecois independence movement, while the Catalans focus mainly on culture.

• Both independence movements utilize cultural distinctiveness as their only reason for seeking independence.

• Both independence movements focus on religious differences with the nations they currently belong to

• There is an economic aspect to the Catalan independence movement, while the Quebecois focus mainly on cultural differences.

• Both independence movements utilize economic power as their main reason for seeking independence

What is true about Northern Ireland?

• It is united with the rest of the island to form a sovereign nation-state

• It forms its own sovereign nation-state predominately made up of the Irish ethnic group.

• It is a frontier that is not formally part of a state, but the United Kingdom claims the area.

• It is physically separate from the rest of the United Kingdom, a multinational state.

• It is a stateless nation, as the entire island of Ireland is under the control of the United Kingdom.