The Empire founded upon the sons of Charles Martel

• Carolingian

• Byzantine

• Ottoman

• Nubian

Greatest leader, united the Germanic tribes and became emperor

• Otto I

• Charles Martel

• Pepin the Short

• Charlemagne

Term for the social and political system that characterized the rule of Charlemagne

• empiricism

• feudalism

• collectivism

• egalitarianism

Threat to the empire that came from Spain and the Byzantine Empire

• Muslims

• Slavs

• Magyars

• Vikings

Threat to the empire that came from Norway and Denmark

• Muslims

• Slavs

• Vikings

• Magyars

In the Carolingian Empire ___ own(s) all the property.

• the king/emperor

• dukes

• vassals

• serfs

The biggest portions of property, like those the size of a parish, would be managed by

• those few nobles who were closest to the king

• knights

• mayors

• serfs

Vassals are grateful to their lords, who are also called ____

• venerable

• eminences

• lieges

• barons

Kings felt fatherly responsibility toward those in their kingdoms. The relationship between the vassal and lord is called

• fealty

• reciprocity

• saprophytes

• indenture

A "duchy" is

• a Viking who settles in France

• a Viking ship

• a duke's wife

• the realm governed by a duke