Ch 11 Genetics

Genetics

• The scientific study of heredity
• sex cells
• likelihood that a particular event will occur
• Having two identical alleles for a particular gene

Fertilization

• Process in sexual reproduction in which male and female reproductive cells join to form a new cell
• The scientific study of heredity
• Mendel's second conclusion, which states that some alleles are dominant and others are recessive
• One of Mendel's principles that states that genes for different traits can segregate independently during the formation of gametes

Trait

• specific characteristic of an individual
• likelihood that a particular event will occur
• A chart that shows all the possible combinations of alleles that can result from a genetic cross
• An organism's physical appearance, or visible traits.

Hybrid

• Offspring of crosses between parents with different traits
• sex cells
• Process in sexual reproduction in which male and female reproductive cells join to form a new cell
• A gene that has more than two alleles

Gene

• a unit of heredity that is transferred from a parent to offspring and is held to determine some characteristic of the offspring.
• likelihood that a particular event will occur
• An organism or cell having only one complete set of chromosomes.
• Separation of alleles during gamete formation

Allele

• Different forms of a gene
• structure containing 4 chromatids that forms during meiosis
• sex cells
• A condition in which both alleles for a gene are fully expressed

principle of dominance

• Mendel's second conclusion, which states that some alleles are dominant and others are recessive
• Offspring of crosses between parents with different traits
• A gene that has more than two alleles
• term used to refer to chromosomes in which one set comes from the male parent and one set comes from the female parent

Segregation

• Separation of alleles during gamete formation
• Offspring of crosses between parents with different traits
• specific characteristic of an individual
• An organism's physical appearance, or visible traits.

Gametes

• sex cells
• An organism's physical appearance, or visible traits.
• Process in sexual reproduction in which male and female reproductive cells join to form a new cell
• A gene that has more than two alleles

Probability

• likelihood that a particular event will occur
• Having two identical alleles for a particular gene
• An organism's physical appearance, or visible traits.
• Mendel's second conclusion, which states that some alleles are dominant and others are recessive