高字A19

For years, scholars argued that cultivation and animal domestication were invented in one or two locations on Earth and then diffused from those centers of innovation.

• A) defended

• B) expanded

• C) fused

• D) extent

Towns and cities were established not only as garrisons (military posts) but as centers for the diffusion of Greek language, literature, and thought, particularly through libraries, as at Antioch (in modern Turkey) and the most famous of all, at Alexandria in Egypt, which would be the finest in the world for the next thousand years.

• A) adoption

• B) spread

• C) teaching

• D) learning

Another flaw of the tiredness theory is that yawning does not raise alertness or physiological activity, as the theory would predict.

• (A) fault

• (B) aspect

• (C) confusion

• (D) mystery

In brief, Lazarus contends that emotions are roused when cognitive appraisals of events or circumstances are positive or negative━ but not neutral.

• (A) doubts

• (B) argues

• (C) proves

• (D) reports

Whether Mithen’s explanation is satisfactory is open to contention, and some authors have recently emphasized the importance of other factors.

• (A) investigation

• (B) improvement

• (C) debate

• (D) interpretation

Some of the proposed mechanisms required a very brief period during which all extinctions suddenly took place; other mechanisms would be more likely to have taken place more gradually, over an extended period, or at different times on different continents.

• (A) specific

• (B) unlimited

• (C) reasonable

• (D) long

The undisputed pre-Columbian presence in Oceania of the sweet potato, which is a New World domesticated plant, has sometimes been used to support Heyerdahl’s “American Indians in the Pacific” theories.

• (A) mysterious

• (B) unexpected

• (C) acknowledged

• (D) significant

Information transfer can be unintentional though some species make use of special assembly calls or behavior.

• (A) unsuccessful

• (B) unplanned

• (C) inaccurate

• (D) impractical

Through continuous creation, the steady-state theory is finally compatible with the expanding universe.

• (A) respected

• (B) equivalent

• (C) consistent

• (D) competitive

The accidental effects obtained by candid photographers were soon copied by artist, such as the French painter Degas

• (A) surprising

• (B) unintentional

• (C) realistic

• (D) unusual