Migration and Empire - Issue 1

Why did the Highland Clearances occur?

• Farmers wanted to live on the land themselves

• To make way for tenants who were willing to pay more

• As a result of landlords wishing to profit off the land, using it for sheep or game reserves

The failure of the Kelp industry meant that...

• On the West Coast, the collapse of Kelp led to severe poverty and quickened the clearances

• Many people on the west coast instead focused on the fishing industry for employment

• People had to become economic migrants

• A famine occurred on the west coast as a result of the kelp failing

What was the poor quality housing in the Highlands called?

Which countries were part of the British Empire?

• Canada

• The USA

• Australia

• China

• India

The introduction of what made transport easier for people to internally migrate...?

• Planes

• Steam Trains

• Steam Ships

• Cars

Push factors are...

• Factors which attract people to a certain place

• Factors which make people move away from somewhere

Why did people move to the cities?

• Because there was an array of social opportunities in the cities, such as cinemas and dance halls

• Because skilled workers could be paid more and had to work less hours

• The cities were more attractive and less polluted

• There was less overcrowding in the cities

When internal migration occurred, often it meant that...

• Many people migrated from the cities to the highlands and lowlands

• Many people emigrated overseas to countries within the Empire

• Many people migrated from the highlands and lowlands into the cities

People migrated overseas for many different reasons. These include:

• To escape religious persecution

• Friends and family members lived in areas such as Canada, Australia and New Zealand and would write to their Scottish family members telling them how attractive the prospects in these countries were

• The invention of the steam ship made it easier and cheaper for people to travel overseas

• There were better opportunities to own your own land in these countries

• To escape political oppression

Which countries did many Scots emigrate to?