AP Psych 1st Semester Final Exam Review

In John Watson’s “Little Albert” experiment, what was the UCS?

• The white rat

• The little boy

• The loud noise

• Fear

What is one major difference between operant conditioning and classical conditioning?

• Operant conditioning takes place as a result of some voluntary action, while classical conditioning takes place without choice.

• Operant conditioning takes place before the response, while classical conditioning takes place after the response

• Operant conditioning is learned by association, while classical conditioning is learned by reinforcement.

• Classical conditioning is part of social cognitive learning, while operant conditioning is not.

• Classical conditioning has a stimulus but no response, while operant conditioning has both a stimulus and a response.

Punishment can best be defined as

• The reinforcement of a behavior every times it occurs.

• Taking away something unpleasant when the subject performs the correct behavior.

• An attempt to weaken a response by following it with something unpleasant

• Adding something unwanted when the subject is not doing the correct behavior and then stopping it when he or she displays the correct behavior.

• Anything that comes to represent a reinforcer.

While taking his math placement exam, Spencer became stuck on one problem. With only five minutes left, he suddenly arrived at the answer. This is an example of

• Latent learning

• Insight

• Learning set

• Operant conditioning

Who is most clearly demonstrating the false-consensus effect?

• Michelle, who treats her friends poorly when she is having a bad day

• Troy, who never takes credit for his successes but blames himself for his failures

• Eileen, who believes that there is no reason to be concerned about the responsibilities of life because others will take care of her

• Rex, who believes that people who are poor are poor because they have made bad decisions

• Blanche, who is open about her political views because she assumes everyone agrees with her

Samantha experienced a traumatic brain injury and afterward began to exhibit bizarre symptoms that no one had ever documented before. The best research method to study Samantha would be

• an experiment

• a correlational study

• a case study

• a survey

• naturalistic observation

The parietal lobe is most involved in

• regulating emotions

• coordinating complex motor movements

• processing sensory information

• triggering the fight-or-flight response

The psychodynamic theory (Freud) of dreaming would postulate that

• time spent dreaming helps with problem solving and creativity

• people sleep more after they have engaged in strenuous physical activity

• dreams and the brain's way of making sense of random neural activity

• dreams fulfill unconscious wishes

• lions sleep more than deer