AP Psychology Unit 7 Test on Cognition

A methodical, logical rule that guarantees solving a particular problem is called a(n)

• heuristic.

• algorithm.

• insight.

• mental set.

• confirmation bias.

Many people prefer meat that is 80 percent lean instead of 20 percent fat, even though they are the same thing. Which concept is being used when the same informationis presented in a more desirable way?

• Intuition

• Insight

• Framing

• Overconfidence

• Perseverance

After seeing a news story about a kidnapping, we are more afraid of kidnapping, even though it is a very rare occurrence. Which of the following is the term for this phenomenon?

• Intuition insight

• Confirmation bias

• Belief perseverance

• Mental set

• Availability heuristic

Heuristics are

• methodical step-by-step procedures for solving problems.

• mental groupings of similar objects, events, or people.

• problem-solving strategies involving the use of trial and error.

• simple thinking strategies for solving problems quickly and efficiently.

• thinking strategies that often hasten insights.

The sudden comprehension of the double meaning of a humorous pun best illustrates

• the representativeness heuristic.

• belief perseverance.

• the availability heuristic.

• the framing effect.

• insight.

Because she believes that boys are naughtier than girls, Mrs. Vedder, a second-grade teacher, watches boys more closely than she watches girls for any signs of misbehavior. Mrs. Vedder's surveillance strategy best illustrates

• the availability heuristic.

• confirmation bias.

• intuition

• the representativeness heuristic.

• the framing effect.

The tendency to conclude that a person who likes to read poetry is more likely to be a college professor of classics than a truck driver illustrates the use of

• the availability heuristic.

• confirmation bias.

• the framing effect.

• belief perseverance.

• the representativeness heuristic.

Students routinely underestimate how much time it will take them to complete assigned course projects. This best illustrates the impact of

• framing.

• fixation.

• the availability heuristic.

• the representativeness heuristic.

• overconfidence.

In the word “PREPARE,” each “R” can be considered a

• babble.

• morpheme.

• semantic.

• phoneme.

• thought.

The prefix “pre” in “preview” or the suffix “ed” in “adapted” are examples of

• phonemes.

• morphemes.

• babbling.

• language development.

• grammar.