IB ESS Topic 1.3 Energy & Equilibria

A lake with a stream flowing into it, but with water lost only by evaporation, is an example of a system which is *

• isolated

• stable and closed

• unstable and closed

• open

Inputs to a closed system may be

• matter only

• energy only

• matter and energy

• heat only

Leaching of soil nutrients is an example of

• transfer of materials

• transformation of materials

• transfer of energy

• trasnformation of energy

Which is an example of negative feedback

• loss of vegetation leading to soil erosion leading to further loss of vegetation

• a decline in a large predator population after they have eaten most of their prey population

• melting of permafrost in the tundra due to climatic change leading to further release of methane, causing further change

• unsustainable slash and burn agriculture practices in tropical rainforests.

What is the best description for this image

• static equilibrium

• steady state equilibrium

• tipping point

• unstable equilibrium

This exemplifies what law of thermodynamics

• 1st law

• 2nd law

A ________________ feedback loop makes a system more stable.

• Positive

• Neutral

• Negative

• Circular

A _________________ feedback loop moves a system to an extreme.

• Positive

• Neutral

• Circular

• Negative

Polar Ice Caps are melting due to an increase in Earth's temperature. This lowers the albedo of Earth, which in turn increases Earth's temperature. This is an example of what type of feedback?

• Negative

• Neutral

• Positive

• Ecosystem

An increase in Carbon Dioxide levels in the atmosphere could lead to which of the following?

• Increase in temperature on Earth

• Decrease in Albedo on Earth

• Change in overall climate on Earth

• All of the above