Y13 Acylation and Condensation Polymers

What is a leaving group in the context of acylation reactions?

• Positive ion lost from the nucleophile

• Positive ion from the acid derivative

• Negative ion lost from the acid derivative

• Negative ion lost from the nucleophile

• Neutral group lost from the acid derivative

What is lost from the nucleophile during an acylation reaction?

• An anion

• A hydrogen ion

• A hydrogen atom

• A hydroxide ion

• None of these

What observation would most likely be made during the reaction of an aycl chloride with water?

• White precipitate forms

• White smoke forms

• White steamy fumes form

• None

Acid anhydrides are usually preferred to acid chlorides as acylating agents. Which of these is not a reason why?

• Lower temperatures are needed as the reactions are faster

• The second product of the acylation reaction generally is less hazardous

• Anhydrides are generally cheaper and more easily available than acid chlorides

• Acid anhydrides are less reactive with water

The addition-elimination product formed in a reaction like this would be...

• A carboxylic acid

• A primary amide

• An N-substituted amide

• None of these

Apart from a primary amide, give the formula of the second product of this reaction.

What is the name of the mechanism involved in acylation reactions?

Which combination of reactants could be used to produce the products shown?

• ethanoyl chloride and ethanol

• ethanoic anhydride and ethanoic acid

• propanoic anhydride and ethanoyl chloride

• ethanoic anhydride and ethanol

This shows the repeating unit of...

• A polyester

• A polyamide

• A polyalkene

• A nylon

• A polypeptide

Name the monomers required to make this polymer.